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Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the mechanical ventilation rates of dental treatment rooms and assess the effectiveness of aerosol removal by mechanical ventilation and a portable air cleaner (PAC) with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. METHODS: Volumetric airflow were measured to assess air...

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Autores principales: Ren, Yan-Fang, Huang, Qirong, Marzouk, Tamer, Richard, Ray, Pembroke, Karen, Martone, Pat, Venner, Tom, Malmstrom, Hans, Eliav, Eli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7834919/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33388387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103576
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author Ren, Yan-Fang
Huang, Qirong
Marzouk, Tamer
Richard, Ray
Pembroke, Karen
Martone, Pat
Venner, Tom
Malmstrom, Hans
Eliav, Eli
author_facet Ren, Yan-Fang
Huang, Qirong
Marzouk, Tamer
Richard, Ray
Pembroke, Karen
Martone, Pat
Venner, Tom
Malmstrom, Hans
Eliav, Eli
author_sort Ren, Yan-Fang
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the mechanical ventilation rates of dental treatment rooms and assess the effectiveness of aerosol removal by mechanical ventilation and a portable air cleaner (PAC) with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. METHODS: Volumetric airflow were measured to assess air change rate per hour by ventilation (ACH(vent)). Equivalent ventilation provided by the PAC (ACH(pac)) was calculated based on its clean air delivery rate. Concentrations of 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 μm aerosol particles were measured in 10 dental treatment rooms with various ventilation rates at baseline, after 5-min of incense burn, and after 30-min of observation with and without the PAC or ventilation system in operation. Velocities of aerosol removal were assessed by concentration decay constants for the 0.3 μm particles with ventilation alone (K(n)) and with ventilation and PAC (K(n+pac)), and by times needed to reach 95 % and 100 % removal of accumulated aerosol particles. RESULTS: ACH(vent) varied from 3 to 45. K(n) and K(n+pac) were correlated with ACH(vent) (r = 0.90) and combined ACH(total) (r = 0.81), respectively. Accumulated aerosol particles could not be removed by ventilation alone within 30-min in rooms with ACH(vent)<15. PAC reduced aerosol accumulation and accelerated aerosol removal, and accumulated aerosols could be completely removed in 4 to 12-min by ventilation combined with PAC. Effectiveness of the PAC was especially prominent in rooms with poor ventilation. Added benefit of PAC in aerosol removal was inversely correlated with ACH(vent). CONCLUSIONS: Aerosol accumulation may occur in dental treatment rooms with poor ventilation. Addition of PAC with a HEPA filter significantly reduced aerosol accumulation and accelerated aerosol removal. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Addition of PAC with a HEPA filter improves aerosol removal in rooms with low ventilation rates.
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spelling pubmed-78349192021-01-26 Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms Ren, Yan-Fang Huang, Qirong Marzouk, Tamer Richard, Ray Pembroke, Karen Martone, Pat Venner, Tom Malmstrom, Hans Eliav, Eli J Dent Article OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the mechanical ventilation rates of dental treatment rooms and assess the effectiveness of aerosol removal by mechanical ventilation and a portable air cleaner (PAC) with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. METHODS: Volumetric airflow were measured to assess air change rate per hour by ventilation (ACH(vent)). Equivalent ventilation provided by the PAC (ACH(pac)) was calculated based on its clean air delivery rate. Concentrations of 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 μm aerosol particles were measured in 10 dental treatment rooms with various ventilation rates at baseline, after 5-min of incense burn, and after 30-min of observation with and without the PAC or ventilation system in operation. Velocities of aerosol removal were assessed by concentration decay constants for the 0.3 μm particles with ventilation alone (K(n)) and with ventilation and PAC (K(n+pac)), and by times needed to reach 95 % and 100 % removal of accumulated aerosol particles. RESULTS: ACH(vent) varied from 3 to 45. K(n) and K(n+pac) were correlated with ACH(vent) (r = 0.90) and combined ACH(total) (r = 0.81), respectively. Accumulated aerosol particles could not be removed by ventilation alone within 30-min in rooms with ACH(vent)<15. PAC reduced aerosol accumulation and accelerated aerosol removal, and accumulated aerosols could be completely removed in 4 to 12-min by ventilation combined with PAC. Effectiveness of the PAC was especially prominent in rooms with poor ventilation. Added benefit of PAC in aerosol removal was inversely correlated with ACH(vent). CONCLUSIONS: Aerosol accumulation may occur in dental treatment rooms with poor ventilation. Addition of PAC with a HEPA filter significantly reduced aerosol accumulation and accelerated aerosol removal. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Addition of PAC with a HEPA filter improves aerosol removal in rooms with low ventilation rates. Elsevier Ltd. 2021-02 2020-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7834919/ /pubmed/33388387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103576 Text en © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Ren, Yan-Fang
Huang, Qirong
Marzouk, Tamer
Richard, Ray
Pembroke, Karen
Martone, Pat
Venner, Tom
Malmstrom, Hans
Eliav, Eli
Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
title Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
title_full Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
title_fullStr Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
title_full_unstemmed Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
title_short Effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
title_sort effects of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaner on aerosol removal from dental treatment rooms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7834919/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33388387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103576
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