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Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland
Mothers’ milk is considered a channel by means of which new-borns are exposed to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), environmental pollutants entering food chain and accumulating in fat-rich tissues. I...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835183/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32946056 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10767-3 |
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author | Grešner, Peter Zieliński, Marek Ligocka, Danuta Polańska, Kinga Wąsowicz, Wojciech Gromadzińska, Jolanta |
author_facet | Grešner, Peter Zieliński, Marek Ligocka, Danuta Polańska, Kinga Wąsowicz, Wojciech Gromadzińska, Jolanta |
author_sort | Grešner, Peter |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mothers’ milk is considered a channel by means of which new-borns are exposed to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), environmental pollutants entering food chain and accumulating in fat-rich tissues. In this study, the concentrations of selected PCDDs, PCDFs, and dl-PCBs (a total of 29 substances) in milk samples of 110 breast-feeding women from an urban area were analyzed using the high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry method. Environmental exposure to these substances was expressed by means of the World Health Organization Toxicity Equivalent (WHO-TEQ(2005)) using the Toxicity Equivalent Factor values from van der Berg et al. (Toxicol. Sci. 93: 223-241, 2006). Concentrations and WHO-TEQ(2005) values were then searched for plausible relationships with selected demographic and diet-related factors. The total WHO-TEQ(2005) toxicity equivalent for all 29 substances was (mean ± SD) 10.57 ± 4.57 pg/g fat, while the WHO-TEQ(2005) levels of PCDDs/PCDFs and dl-PCBs were 7.90 ± 4.17 pg/g fat and 2.67 ± 1.36 pg/g fat, respectively. The concentration and WHO-TEQ(2005) toxicity equivalent of dl-PCBs correlated significantly with the mothers’ age (r(P) = 0.3814, p < 0.00005; r(P) = 0.2817, p < 0.005, respectively). The total WHO-TEQ(2005) toxicity equivalent for all analyzed substances was found to be positively associated with the frequency of consumption of fish and dairy products (p < 0.05 for both associations). These outcomes must, however, be interpreted cautiously due to limited size of the study. The results of this paper may provide a basis for further studies on the exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and dl-PCBs, and mechanisms underlying their action. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7835183 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78351832021-01-29 Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland Grešner, Peter Zieliński, Marek Ligocka, Danuta Polańska, Kinga Wąsowicz, Wojciech Gromadzińska, Jolanta Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Research Article Mothers’ milk is considered a channel by means of which new-borns are exposed to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), environmental pollutants entering food chain and accumulating in fat-rich tissues. In this study, the concentrations of selected PCDDs, PCDFs, and dl-PCBs (a total of 29 substances) in milk samples of 110 breast-feeding women from an urban area were analyzed using the high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry method. Environmental exposure to these substances was expressed by means of the World Health Organization Toxicity Equivalent (WHO-TEQ(2005)) using the Toxicity Equivalent Factor values from van der Berg et al. (Toxicol. Sci. 93: 223-241, 2006). Concentrations and WHO-TEQ(2005) values were then searched for plausible relationships with selected demographic and diet-related factors. The total WHO-TEQ(2005) toxicity equivalent for all 29 substances was (mean ± SD) 10.57 ± 4.57 pg/g fat, while the WHO-TEQ(2005) levels of PCDDs/PCDFs and dl-PCBs were 7.90 ± 4.17 pg/g fat and 2.67 ± 1.36 pg/g fat, respectively. The concentration and WHO-TEQ(2005) toxicity equivalent of dl-PCBs correlated significantly with the mothers’ age (r(P) = 0.3814, p < 0.00005; r(P) = 0.2817, p < 0.005, respectively). The total WHO-TEQ(2005) toxicity equivalent for all analyzed substances was found to be positively associated with the frequency of consumption of fish and dairy products (p < 0.05 for both associations). These outcomes must, however, be interpreted cautiously due to limited size of the study. The results of this paper may provide a basis for further studies on the exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and dl-PCBs, and mechanisms underlying their action. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2020-09-18 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC7835183/ /pubmed/32946056 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10767-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Grešner, Peter Zieliński, Marek Ligocka, Danuta Polańska, Kinga Wąsowicz, Wojciech Gromadzińska, Jolanta Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland |
title | Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland |
title_full | Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland |
title_fullStr | Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland |
title_full_unstemmed | Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland |
title_short | Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central Poland |
title_sort | environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants measured in breast milk of lactating women from an urban area in central poland |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835183/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32946056 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10767-3 |
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