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Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies

Neural hyperexcitability in the event of damage during early life, such as hyperthermia, hypoxia, traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, or a pre-existing neuroinflammatory condition, can promote the process of epileptogenesis, which is defined as the sequence of events that converts a normal c...

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Autores principales: Vega-García, Angélica, Feria-Romero, Iris, García-Juárez, Anais, Munguia-Madera, Ana Ch., Montes-Aparicio, Alexia V., Zequeida-Muñoz, Esli, Garcia-Albavera, Estefany, Orozco-Suárez, Sandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510627
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.610484
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author Vega-García, Angélica
Feria-Romero, Iris
García-Juárez, Anais
Munguia-Madera, Ana Ch.
Montes-Aparicio, Alexia V.
Zequeida-Muñoz, Esli
Garcia-Albavera, Estefany
Orozco-Suárez, Sandra
author_facet Vega-García, Angélica
Feria-Romero, Iris
García-Juárez, Anais
Munguia-Madera, Ana Ch.
Montes-Aparicio, Alexia V.
Zequeida-Muñoz, Esli
Garcia-Albavera, Estefany
Orozco-Suárez, Sandra
author_sort Vega-García, Angélica
collection PubMed
description Neural hyperexcitability in the event of damage during early life, such as hyperthermia, hypoxia, traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, or a pre-existing neuroinflammatory condition, can promote the process of epileptogenesis, which is defined as the sequence of events that converts a normal circuit into a hyperexcitable circuit and represents the time that occurs between the damaging event and the development of spontaneous seizure activity or the establishment of epilepsy. Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in the world, characterized by the presence of seizures recurring without apparent provocation. Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid derived from the subspecies Cannabis sativa (CS), is the most studied active ingredient and is currently studied as a therapeutic strategy: it is an anticonvulsant mainly used in children with catastrophic epileptic syndromes and has also been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, supporting it as a therapeutic strategy with neuroprotective potential. However, the mechanisms by which CBD exerts these effects are not entirely known, and the few studies on acute and chronic models in immature animals have provided contradictory results. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate the therapeutic profile of CBD, as well as the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in epileptogenesis in the immature brain. Therefore, this review focuses on the collection of scientific data in animal models, as well as information from clinical studies on the effects of cannabinoids on epileptogenesis and their anticonvulsant and adverse effects in early life.
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spelling pubmed-78353272021-01-27 Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies Vega-García, Angélica Feria-Romero, Iris García-Juárez, Anais Munguia-Madera, Ana Ch. Montes-Aparicio, Alexia V. Zequeida-Muñoz, Esli Garcia-Albavera, Estefany Orozco-Suárez, Sandra Front Behav Neurosci Behavioral Neuroscience Neural hyperexcitability in the event of damage during early life, such as hyperthermia, hypoxia, traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, or a pre-existing neuroinflammatory condition, can promote the process of epileptogenesis, which is defined as the sequence of events that converts a normal circuit into a hyperexcitable circuit and represents the time that occurs between the damaging event and the development of spontaneous seizure activity or the establishment of epilepsy. Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in the world, characterized by the presence of seizures recurring without apparent provocation. Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid derived from the subspecies Cannabis sativa (CS), is the most studied active ingredient and is currently studied as a therapeutic strategy: it is an anticonvulsant mainly used in children with catastrophic epileptic syndromes and has also been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, supporting it as a therapeutic strategy with neuroprotective potential. However, the mechanisms by which CBD exerts these effects are not entirely known, and the few studies on acute and chronic models in immature animals have provided contradictory results. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate the therapeutic profile of CBD, as well as the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in epileptogenesis in the immature brain. Therefore, this review focuses on the collection of scientific data in animal models, as well as information from clinical studies on the effects of cannabinoids on epileptogenesis and their anticonvulsant and adverse effects in early life. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7835327/ /pubmed/33510627 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.610484 Text en Copyright © 2021 Vega-García, Feria-Romero, García-Juárez, Munguia-Madera, Montes-Aparicio, Zequeida-Muñoz, Garcia-Albavera and Orozco-Suárez. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Behavioral Neuroscience
Vega-García, Angélica
Feria-Romero, Iris
García-Juárez, Anais
Munguia-Madera, Ana Ch.
Montes-Aparicio, Alexia V.
Zequeida-Muñoz, Esli
Garcia-Albavera, Estefany
Orozco-Suárez, Sandra
Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies
title Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies
title_full Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies
title_fullStr Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies
title_full_unstemmed Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies
title_short Cannabinoids: A New Perspective on Epileptogenesis and Seizure Treatment in Early Life in Basic and Clinical Studies
title_sort cannabinoids: a new perspective on epileptogenesis and seizure treatment in early life in basic and clinical studies
topic Behavioral Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510627
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.610484
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