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Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses

Aromatic amino acids (AAAs) synthesized in plants via the shikimate pathway can serve as precursors for a wide range of secondary metabolites that are important for plant defense. The goals of the current study were to test the effect of increased AAAs on primary and secondary metabolic profiles and...

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Autores principales: Oliva, Moran, Guy, Aviv, Galili, Gad, Dor, Evgenia, Schweitzer, Ron, Amir, Rachel, Hacham, Yael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510749
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.604349
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author Oliva, Moran
Guy, Aviv
Galili, Gad
Dor, Evgenia
Schweitzer, Ron
Amir, Rachel
Hacham, Yael
author_facet Oliva, Moran
Guy, Aviv
Galili, Gad
Dor, Evgenia
Schweitzer, Ron
Amir, Rachel
Hacham, Yael
author_sort Oliva, Moran
collection PubMed
description Aromatic amino acids (AAAs) synthesized in plants via the shikimate pathway can serve as precursors for a wide range of secondary metabolites that are important for plant defense. The goals of the current study were to test the effect of increased AAAs on primary and secondary metabolic profiles and to reveal whether these plants are more tolerant to abiotic stresses (oxidative, drought and salt) and to Phelipanche egyptiaca (Egyptian broomrape), an obligate parasitic plant. To this end, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants were transformed with a bacterial gene (AroG) encode to feedback-insensitive 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase, the first enzyme of the shikimate pathway. Two sets of transgenic plants were obtained: the first had low expression of the AroG protein, a normal phenotype and minor metabolic changes; the second had high accumulation of the AroG protein with normal, or deleterious morphological changes having a dramatic shift in plant metabolism. Metabolic profiling analysis revealed that the leaves of the transgenic plants had increased levels of phenylalanine (up to 43-fold), tyrosine (up to 24-fold) and tryptophan (up to 10-fold) compared to control plants having an empty vector (EV) and wild type (WT) plants. The significant increase in phenylalanine was accompanied by higher levels of metabolites that belong to the phenylpropanoid pathway. AroG plants showed improved tolerance to salt stress but not to oxidative or drought stress. The most significant improved tolerance was to P. aegyptiaca. Unlike WT/EV plants that were heavily infected by the parasite, the transgenic AroG plants strongly inhibited P. aegyptiaca development, and only a few stems of the parasite appeared above the soil. This delayed development of P. aegyptiaca could be the result of higher accumulation of several phenylpropanoids in the transgenic AroG plants and in P. aegyptiaca, that apparently affected its growth. These findings indicate that high levels of AAAs and their related metabolites have the potential of controlling the development of parasitic plants.
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spelling pubmed-78353932021-01-27 Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses Oliva, Moran Guy, Aviv Galili, Gad Dor, Evgenia Schweitzer, Ron Amir, Rachel Hacham, Yael Front Plant Sci Plant Science Aromatic amino acids (AAAs) synthesized in plants via the shikimate pathway can serve as precursors for a wide range of secondary metabolites that are important for plant defense. The goals of the current study were to test the effect of increased AAAs on primary and secondary metabolic profiles and to reveal whether these plants are more tolerant to abiotic stresses (oxidative, drought and salt) and to Phelipanche egyptiaca (Egyptian broomrape), an obligate parasitic plant. To this end, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants were transformed with a bacterial gene (AroG) encode to feedback-insensitive 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase, the first enzyme of the shikimate pathway. Two sets of transgenic plants were obtained: the first had low expression of the AroG protein, a normal phenotype and minor metabolic changes; the second had high accumulation of the AroG protein with normal, or deleterious morphological changes having a dramatic shift in plant metabolism. Metabolic profiling analysis revealed that the leaves of the transgenic plants had increased levels of phenylalanine (up to 43-fold), tyrosine (up to 24-fold) and tryptophan (up to 10-fold) compared to control plants having an empty vector (EV) and wild type (WT) plants. The significant increase in phenylalanine was accompanied by higher levels of metabolites that belong to the phenylpropanoid pathway. AroG plants showed improved tolerance to salt stress but not to oxidative or drought stress. The most significant improved tolerance was to P. aegyptiaca. Unlike WT/EV plants that were heavily infected by the parasite, the transgenic AroG plants strongly inhibited P. aegyptiaca development, and only a few stems of the parasite appeared above the soil. This delayed development of P. aegyptiaca could be the result of higher accumulation of several phenylpropanoids in the transgenic AroG plants and in P. aegyptiaca, that apparently affected its growth. These findings indicate that high levels of AAAs and their related metabolites have the potential of controlling the development of parasitic plants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7835393/ /pubmed/33510749 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.604349 Text en Copyright © 2021 Oliva, Guy, Galili, Dor, Schweitzer, Amir and Hacham. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Oliva, Moran
Guy, Aviv
Galili, Gad
Dor, Evgenia
Schweitzer, Ron
Amir, Rachel
Hacham, Yael
Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses
title Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses
title_full Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses
title_fullStr Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses
title_short Enhanced Production of Aromatic Amino Acids in Tobacco Plants Leads to Increased Phenylpropanoid Metabolites and Tolerance to Stresses
title_sort enhanced production of aromatic amino acids in tobacco plants leads to increased phenylpropanoid metabolites and tolerance to stresses
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510749
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.604349
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