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Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important component of the extracellular matrix in multiple biological tissues. In cornea, the CS glycosaminoglycan (GAG) exists in hybrid form, whereby some of the repeating disaccharides are dermatan sulfate (DS). These CS/DS GAGs in cornea, through their presence on...

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Autores principales: Ashworth, Sean, Harrington, Jodie, Hammond, Greg M., Bains, Kiranjit K., Koudouna, Elena, Hayes, Anthony J., Ralphs, James R., Regini, Justyn W., Young, Robert D., Hayashi, Ryuhei, Nishida, Kohji, Hughes, Clare E., Quantock, Andrew J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835413/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33511110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.567358
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author Ashworth, Sean
Harrington, Jodie
Hammond, Greg M.
Bains, Kiranjit K.
Koudouna, Elena
Hayes, Anthony J.
Ralphs, James R.
Regini, Justyn W.
Young, Robert D.
Hayashi, Ryuhei
Nishida, Kohji
Hughes, Clare E.
Quantock, Andrew J.
author_facet Ashworth, Sean
Harrington, Jodie
Hammond, Greg M.
Bains, Kiranjit K.
Koudouna, Elena
Hayes, Anthony J.
Ralphs, James R.
Regini, Justyn W.
Young, Robert D.
Hayashi, Ryuhei
Nishida, Kohji
Hughes, Clare E.
Quantock, Andrew J.
author_sort Ashworth, Sean
collection PubMed
description Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important component of the extracellular matrix in multiple biological tissues. In cornea, the CS glycosaminoglycan (GAG) exists in hybrid form, whereby some of the repeating disaccharides are dermatan sulfate (DS). These CS/DS GAGs in cornea, through their presence on the proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan, help control collagen fibrillogenesis and organization. CS also acts as a regulatory ligand for a spectrum of signaling molecules, including morphogens, cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes during corneal growth and development. There is a growing body of evidence that precise expression of CS or CS/DS with specific sulfation motifs helps define the local extracellular compartment that contributes to maintenance of the stem cell phenotype. Indeed, recent evidence shows that CS sulfation motifs recognized by antibodies 4C3, 7D4, and 3B3 identify stem cell populations and their niches, along with activated progenitor cells and transitional areas of tissue development in the fetal human elbow. Various sulfation motifs identified by some CS antibodies are also specifically located in the limbal region at the edge of the mature cornea, which is widely accepted to represent the corneal epithelial stem cell niche. Emerging data also implicate developmental changes in the distribution of CS during corneal morphogenesis. This article will reflect upon the potential roles of CS and CS/DS in maintenance of the stem cell niche in cornea, and will contemplate the possible involvement of CS in the generation of eye-like tissues from human iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells.
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spelling pubmed-78354132021-01-27 Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea Ashworth, Sean Harrington, Jodie Hammond, Greg M. Bains, Kiranjit K. Koudouna, Elena Hayes, Anthony J. Ralphs, James R. Regini, Justyn W. Young, Robert D. Hayashi, Ryuhei Nishida, Kohji Hughes, Clare E. Quantock, Andrew J. Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important component of the extracellular matrix in multiple biological tissues. In cornea, the CS glycosaminoglycan (GAG) exists in hybrid form, whereby some of the repeating disaccharides are dermatan sulfate (DS). These CS/DS GAGs in cornea, through their presence on the proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan, help control collagen fibrillogenesis and organization. CS also acts as a regulatory ligand for a spectrum of signaling molecules, including morphogens, cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes during corneal growth and development. There is a growing body of evidence that precise expression of CS or CS/DS with specific sulfation motifs helps define the local extracellular compartment that contributes to maintenance of the stem cell phenotype. Indeed, recent evidence shows that CS sulfation motifs recognized by antibodies 4C3, 7D4, and 3B3 identify stem cell populations and their niches, along with activated progenitor cells and transitional areas of tissue development in the fetal human elbow. Various sulfation motifs identified by some CS antibodies are also specifically located in the limbal region at the edge of the mature cornea, which is widely accepted to represent the corneal epithelial stem cell niche. Emerging data also implicate developmental changes in the distribution of CS during corneal morphogenesis. This article will reflect upon the potential roles of CS and CS/DS in maintenance of the stem cell niche in cornea, and will contemplate the possible involvement of CS in the generation of eye-like tissues from human iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7835413/ /pubmed/33511110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.567358 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ashworth, Harrington, Hammond, Bains, Koudouna, Hayes, Ralphs, Regini, Young, Hayashi, Nishida, Hughes and Quantock. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Ashworth, Sean
Harrington, Jodie
Hammond, Greg M.
Bains, Kiranjit K.
Koudouna, Elena
Hayes, Anthony J.
Ralphs, James R.
Regini, Justyn W.
Young, Robert D.
Hayashi, Ryuhei
Nishida, Kohji
Hughes, Clare E.
Quantock, Andrew J.
Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea
title Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea
title_full Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea
title_fullStr Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea
title_full_unstemmed Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea
title_short Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Modulator of the Stem Cell Niche in Cornea
title_sort chondroitin sulfate as a potential modulator of the stem cell niche in cornea
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835413/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33511110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.567358
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