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Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice
Many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified by molecular genetic studies which control grain size by regulating grain width, length, and/or thickness. Grain width 2 (GW2) is one such QTL that codes for a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and increases grain size by regulating grain width th...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835794/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.600378 |
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author | Verma, Ankit Prakash, Geeta Ranjan, Rajeev Tyagi, Akhilesh K. Agarwal, Pinky |
author_facet | Verma, Ankit Prakash, Geeta Ranjan, Rajeev Tyagi, Akhilesh K. Agarwal, Pinky |
author_sort | Verma, Ankit |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified by molecular genetic studies which control grain size by regulating grain width, length, and/or thickness. Grain width 2 (GW2) is one such QTL that codes for a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and increases grain size by regulating grain width through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of unknown substrates. A natural variation (single-nucleotide polymorphism at the 346(th) position) in the functional domain-coding region of OsGW2 in japonica rice genotypes has been shown to cause an increase in grain width/weight in rice. However, this variation is absent in indica rice genotypes. In this study, we report that reduced expression of OsGW2 can alter grain size, even though natural sequence variation is not responsible for increased grain size in indica rice genotypes. OsGW2 shows high expression in seed development stages and the protein localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm. Downregulation of OsGW2 by RNAi technology results in wider and heavier grains. Microscopic observation of grain morphology suggests that OsGW2 determines grain size by influencing both cell expansion and cell proliferation in spikelet hull. Using transcriptome analysis, upregulated genes related to grain size regulation have been identified among 1,426 differentially expressed genes in an OsGW2_RNAi transgenic line. These results reveal that OsGW2 is a negative regulator of grain size in indica rice and affects both cell number and cell size in spikelet hull. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7835794 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78357942021-01-27 Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice Verma, Ankit Prakash, Geeta Ranjan, Rajeev Tyagi, Akhilesh K. Agarwal, Pinky Front Genet Genetics Many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified by molecular genetic studies which control grain size by regulating grain width, length, and/or thickness. Grain width 2 (GW2) is one such QTL that codes for a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and increases grain size by regulating grain width through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of unknown substrates. A natural variation (single-nucleotide polymorphism at the 346(th) position) in the functional domain-coding region of OsGW2 in japonica rice genotypes has been shown to cause an increase in grain width/weight in rice. However, this variation is absent in indica rice genotypes. In this study, we report that reduced expression of OsGW2 can alter grain size, even though natural sequence variation is not responsible for increased grain size in indica rice genotypes. OsGW2 shows high expression in seed development stages and the protein localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm. Downregulation of OsGW2 by RNAi technology results in wider and heavier grains. Microscopic observation of grain morphology suggests that OsGW2 determines grain size by influencing both cell expansion and cell proliferation in spikelet hull. Using transcriptome analysis, upregulated genes related to grain size regulation have been identified among 1,426 differentially expressed genes in an OsGW2_RNAi transgenic line. These results reveal that OsGW2 is a negative regulator of grain size in indica rice and affects both cell number and cell size in spikelet hull. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7835794/ /pubmed/33510769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.600378 Text en Copyright © 2021 Verma, Prakash, Ranjan, Tyagi and Agarwal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Genetics Verma, Ankit Prakash, Geeta Ranjan, Rajeev Tyagi, Akhilesh K. Agarwal, Pinky Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice |
title | Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice |
title_full | Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice |
title_fullStr | Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice |
title_full_unstemmed | Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice |
title_short | Silencing of an Ubiquitin Ligase Increases Grain Width and Weight in indica Rice |
title_sort | silencing of an ubiquitin ligase increases grain width and weight in indica rice |
topic | Genetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835794/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.600378 |
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