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Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasm in women. Many clinical and preclinical studies investigated the possible relationship between host metabolism and BC. Significant differences among BC subtypes have been reported for glucose metabolism. Insulin can promote tumorigenesis thr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33477996 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010125 |
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author | Biello, Federica Platini, Francesca D’Avanzo, Francesca Cattrini, Carlo Mennitto, Alessia Genestroni, Silvia Martini, Veronica Marzullo, Paolo Aimaretti, Gianluca Gennari, Alessandra |
author_facet | Biello, Federica Platini, Francesca D’Avanzo, Francesca Cattrini, Carlo Mennitto, Alessia Genestroni, Silvia Martini, Veronica Marzullo, Paolo Aimaretti, Gianluca Gennari, Alessandra |
author_sort | Biello, Federica |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasm in women. Many clinical and preclinical studies investigated the possible relationship between host metabolism and BC. Significant differences among BC subtypes have been reported for glucose metabolism. Insulin can promote tumorigenesis through a direct effect on epithelial tissues or indirectly by affecting the levels of other modulators, such as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family of receptors, sex hormones, and adipokines. The potential anti-cancer activity of metformin is based on two principal effects: first, its capacity for lowering circulating insulin levels with indirect endocrine effects that may impact on tumor cell proliferation; second, its direct influence on many pro-cancer signaling pathways that are key drivers of BC aggressiveness. Methods: In the present review, the interaction between BC, host metabolism, and patients’ prognosis has been reviewed across available literature evidence. Conclusions: Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance are all involved in BC growth and could have a relevant impact on prognosis. All these factors act through a pro-inflammatory state, mediated by cytokines originated in fat tissue, and seem to be related to a higher risk of BC development and worse prognosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7835955 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78359552021-01-27 Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights Biello, Federica Platini, Francesca D’Avanzo, Francesca Cattrini, Carlo Mennitto, Alessia Genestroni, Silvia Martini, Veronica Marzullo, Paolo Aimaretti, Gianluca Gennari, Alessandra Biomolecules Review Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasm in women. Many clinical and preclinical studies investigated the possible relationship between host metabolism and BC. Significant differences among BC subtypes have been reported for glucose metabolism. Insulin can promote tumorigenesis through a direct effect on epithelial tissues or indirectly by affecting the levels of other modulators, such as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family of receptors, sex hormones, and adipokines. The potential anti-cancer activity of metformin is based on two principal effects: first, its capacity for lowering circulating insulin levels with indirect endocrine effects that may impact on tumor cell proliferation; second, its direct influence on many pro-cancer signaling pathways that are key drivers of BC aggressiveness. Methods: In the present review, the interaction between BC, host metabolism, and patients’ prognosis has been reviewed across available literature evidence. Conclusions: Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance are all involved in BC growth and could have a relevant impact on prognosis. All these factors act through a pro-inflammatory state, mediated by cytokines originated in fat tissue, and seem to be related to a higher risk of BC development and worse prognosis. MDPI 2021-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7835955/ /pubmed/33477996 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010125 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Biello, Federica Platini, Francesca D’Avanzo, Francesca Cattrini, Carlo Mennitto, Alessia Genestroni, Silvia Martini, Veronica Marzullo, Paolo Aimaretti, Gianluca Gennari, Alessandra Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights |
title | Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights |
title_full | Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights |
title_fullStr | Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights |
title_full_unstemmed | Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights |
title_short | Insulin/IGF Axis in Breast Cancer: Clinical Evidence and Translational Insights |
title_sort | insulin/igf axis in breast cancer: clinical evidence and translational insights |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7835955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33477996 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010125 |
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