Two pronged approach for prevention and therapy of COVID-19 (Sars-CoV-2) by a multi-targeted herbal drug, a component of ayurvedic decoction

INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 a new virus of the zoonotic coronavirus family causes the disease COVID-19, which has become a global pandemic. One of the ways for prevention of COVID-19 is by disabling its spike protein which results in inhibiting its binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). The other alternative is to inhibit its replication once inside the body. The aim of this study was to explore the literature to identify whether there were any Ayurvedic remedies which contained ingredients which demonstrated this dual effect. METHODS: In silico studies were carried out to find the structures of the targets i.e. spike protein of the virus and its main protease (Mpro). Databases were searched to identify the composition of Ayurvedic decoctions used for respiratory ailments. RESULTS: We have found that two components out of 26 active ingredients of Ayurvedic decoctions are strong binders for spike protein as well as corresponding Mpro (3CL protease) which plays an essential role in mediating viral replication and transcription, making it an attractive antiviral drug target. Out of 26 components of Ayurvedic herbal decoction used for influenza, one compound was found to be most active. It is a well-known antioxidant, antinflammatory and hepatoprotective molecule. CONCLUSION: The resultant compound could act as a repurposed drug or like other methoxyphenols, could be a good lead molecule for a potent drug for COVID-19.