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Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer

Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used ele...

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Autores principales: Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi, Wetzel, Hanna, Nußbaum, Phillip, van der Does, Chris, Beeby, Morgan, Albers, Sonja-Verena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838353/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.612239
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author Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi
Wetzel, Hanna
Nußbaum, Phillip
van der Does, Chris
Beeby, Morgan
Albers, Sonja-Verena
author_facet Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi
Wetzel, Hanna
Nußbaum, Phillip
van der Does, Chris
Beeby, Morgan
Albers, Sonja-Verena
author_sort Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi
collection PubMed
description Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used electron cryo-tomography (cryoET) and fluorescence microscopy to visualize cells forming these intercellular bridges. CryoET showed that the observed bridges were enveloped by an surface layer (S-layer) and connected mating cells via a continuous cytoplasm. Macromolecular complexes like ribosomes and unknown thin filamentous helical structures were visualized in the cytoplasm inside the bridges, demonstrating that these bridges can facilitate exchange of cellular components. We followed formation of a cell–cell bridge by fluorescence time-lapse microscopy between cells at a distance of 1.5 μm. These results shed light on the process of haloarchaeal mating and highlight further mechanistic questions.
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spelling pubmed-78383532021-01-28 Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi Wetzel, Hanna Nußbaum, Phillip van der Does, Chris Beeby, Morgan Albers, Sonja-Verena Front Microbiol Microbiology Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used electron cryo-tomography (cryoET) and fluorescence microscopy to visualize cells forming these intercellular bridges. CryoET showed that the observed bridges were enveloped by an surface layer (S-layer) and connected mating cells via a continuous cytoplasm. Macromolecular complexes like ribosomes and unknown thin filamentous helical structures were visualized in the cytoplasm inside the bridges, demonstrating that these bridges can facilitate exchange of cellular components. We followed formation of a cell–cell bridge by fluorescence time-lapse microscopy between cells at a distance of 1.5 μm. These results shed light on the process of haloarchaeal mating and highlight further mechanistic questions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7838353/ /pubmed/33519769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.612239 Text en Copyright © 2021 Sivabalasarma, Wetzel, Nußbaum, van der Does, Beeby and Albers. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi
Wetzel, Hanna
Nußbaum, Phillip
van der Does, Chris
Beeby, Morgan
Albers, Sonja-Verena
Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
title Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
title_full Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
title_fullStr Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
title_short Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
title_sort analysis of cell–cell bridges in haloferax volcanii using electron cryo-tomography reveal a continuous cytoplasm and s-layer
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838353/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.612239
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