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Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer
Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used ele...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838353/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.612239 |
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author | Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi Wetzel, Hanna Nußbaum, Phillip van der Does, Chris Beeby, Morgan Albers, Sonja-Verena |
author_facet | Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi Wetzel, Hanna Nußbaum, Phillip van der Does, Chris Beeby, Morgan Albers, Sonja-Verena |
author_sort | Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used electron cryo-tomography (cryoET) and fluorescence microscopy to visualize cells forming these intercellular bridges. CryoET showed that the observed bridges were enveloped by an surface layer (S-layer) and connected mating cells via a continuous cytoplasm. Macromolecular complexes like ribosomes and unknown thin filamentous helical structures were visualized in the cytoplasm inside the bridges, demonstrating that these bridges can facilitate exchange of cellular components. We followed formation of a cell–cell bridge by fluorescence time-lapse microscopy between cells at a distance of 1.5 μm. These results shed light on the process of haloarchaeal mating and highlight further mechanistic questions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7838353 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78383532021-01-28 Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi Wetzel, Hanna Nußbaum, Phillip van der Does, Chris Beeby, Morgan Albers, Sonja-Verena Front Microbiol Microbiology Halophilic archaea have been proposed to exchange DNA and proteins using a fusion-based mating mechanism. Scanning electron microscopy previously suggested that mating involves an intermediate state, where cells are connected by an intercellular bridge. To better understand this process, we used electron cryo-tomography (cryoET) and fluorescence microscopy to visualize cells forming these intercellular bridges. CryoET showed that the observed bridges were enveloped by an surface layer (S-layer) and connected mating cells via a continuous cytoplasm. Macromolecular complexes like ribosomes and unknown thin filamentous helical structures were visualized in the cytoplasm inside the bridges, demonstrating that these bridges can facilitate exchange of cellular components. We followed formation of a cell–cell bridge by fluorescence time-lapse microscopy between cells at a distance of 1.5 μm. These results shed light on the process of haloarchaeal mating and highlight further mechanistic questions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7838353/ /pubmed/33519769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.612239 Text en Copyright © 2021 Sivabalasarma, Wetzel, Nußbaum, van der Does, Beeby and Albers. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Sivabalasarma, Shamphavi Wetzel, Hanna Nußbaum, Phillip van der Does, Chris Beeby, Morgan Albers, Sonja-Verena Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer |
title | Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer |
title_full | Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer |
title_short | Analysis of Cell–Cell Bridges in Haloferax volcanii Using Electron Cryo-Tomography Reveal a Continuous Cytoplasm and S-Layer |
title_sort | analysis of cell–cell bridges in haloferax volcanii using electron cryo-tomography reveal a continuous cytoplasm and s-layer |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838353/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.612239 |
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