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Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients

In the last years, a substantial contribution of red blood cells (RBCs) in cardiovascular homeostasis has been evidenced, as these cells are able to regulate cardiovascular function by the export of adenosine triphosphate and nitric oxide as well as to maintain redox balance through a well-developed...

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Autores principales: Porro, Benedetta, Conte, Edoardo, Zaninoni, Anna, Bianchi, Paola, Veglia, Fabrizio, Barbieri, Simone, Fiorelli, Susanna, Eligini, Sonia, Di Minno, Alessandro, Mushtaq, Saima, Tremoli, Elena, Cavalca, Viviana, Andreini, Daniele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.603633
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author Porro, Benedetta
Conte, Edoardo
Zaninoni, Anna
Bianchi, Paola
Veglia, Fabrizio
Barbieri, Simone
Fiorelli, Susanna
Eligini, Sonia
Di Minno, Alessandro
Mushtaq, Saima
Tremoli, Elena
Cavalca, Viviana
Andreini, Daniele
author_facet Porro, Benedetta
Conte, Edoardo
Zaninoni, Anna
Bianchi, Paola
Veglia, Fabrizio
Barbieri, Simone
Fiorelli, Susanna
Eligini, Sonia
Di Minno, Alessandro
Mushtaq, Saima
Tremoli, Elena
Cavalca, Viviana
Andreini, Daniele
author_sort Porro, Benedetta
collection PubMed
description In the last years, a substantial contribution of red blood cells (RBCs) in cardiovascular homeostasis has been evidenced, as these cells are able to regulate cardiovascular function by the export of adenosine triphosphate and nitric oxide as well as to maintain redox balance through a well-developed antioxidant system. Recently a link between high-risk plaque (HRP) features and myocardial ischemia, in the absence of severe lumen stenosis, has been evidenced. Nonobstructive coronary artery disease (nonob CAD) has been associated in fact with a greater 1-year risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality compared with no apparent CAD. This new evidence increases interest in searching new triggers to identify these high-risk patients, in the absence/or on top of traditional hazard markers. In this study, we investigated the existence of any association between RBC morphodynamics and HRP features in individuals with different grades of coronary stenosis detected by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Ninety-one consecutive individuals who underwent CCTA [33 no CAD; 26 nonobstructive (nonob), and 32 obstructive (ob) CAD] were enrolled. RBC morphodynamic features, i.e., RBC aggregability and deformability, were analyzed by means of Laser Assisted Optical Rotation Cell Analyzer (LoRRca MaxSis). The putative global RBC morphodynamic (RMD) score and the related risk chart, associating the extent of HRP (e.g., the non-calcified plaque volume) with both the RMD score and the max % stenosis were computed. In nonob CAD group only positive correlations between RBC rigidity, osmotic fragility or aggregability and HRP features (plaque necrotic core, fibro-fatty and fibro-fatty plus necrotic core plaque volumes) were highlighted. Interestingly, in this patient cohort three of these RBC morphodynamic features result to be independent predictors of the presence of non-calcified plaque volume in this patients group. The risk chart created shows that only in nonob CAD plaque vulnerability increases according to the score quartile. Findings of this work, by evidencing the association between erythrocyte morphodynamic characteristics assessed by LoRRca and plaque instability in a high-risk cohort of nonob CAD, suggest the use of these blood cell features in the identification of high-risk patients, in the absence of severe coronary stenosis.
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spelling pubmed-78385602021-01-28 Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients Porro, Benedetta Conte, Edoardo Zaninoni, Anna Bianchi, Paola Veglia, Fabrizio Barbieri, Simone Fiorelli, Susanna Eligini, Sonia Di Minno, Alessandro Mushtaq, Saima Tremoli, Elena Cavalca, Viviana Andreini, Daniele Front Physiol Physiology In the last years, a substantial contribution of red blood cells (RBCs) in cardiovascular homeostasis has been evidenced, as these cells are able to regulate cardiovascular function by the export of adenosine triphosphate and nitric oxide as well as to maintain redox balance through a well-developed antioxidant system. Recently a link between high-risk plaque (HRP) features and myocardial ischemia, in the absence of severe lumen stenosis, has been evidenced. Nonobstructive coronary artery disease (nonob CAD) has been associated in fact with a greater 1-year risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality compared with no apparent CAD. This new evidence increases interest in searching new triggers to identify these high-risk patients, in the absence/or on top of traditional hazard markers. In this study, we investigated the existence of any association between RBC morphodynamics and HRP features in individuals with different grades of coronary stenosis detected by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Ninety-one consecutive individuals who underwent CCTA [33 no CAD; 26 nonobstructive (nonob), and 32 obstructive (ob) CAD] were enrolled. RBC morphodynamic features, i.e., RBC aggregability and deformability, were analyzed by means of Laser Assisted Optical Rotation Cell Analyzer (LoRRca MaxSis). The putative global RBC morphodynamic (RMD) score and the related risk chart, associating the extent of HRP (e.g., the non-calcified plaque volume) with both the RMD score and the max % stenosis were computed. In nonob CAD group only positive correlations between RBC rigidity, osmotic fragility or aggregability and HRP features (plaque necrotic core, fibro-fatty and fibro-fatty plus necrotic core plaque volumes) were highlighted. Interestingly, in this patient cohort three of these RBC morphodynamic features result to be independent predictors of the presence of non-calcified plaque volume in this patients group. The risk chart created shows that only in nonob CAD plaque vulnerability increases according to the score quartile. Findings of this work, by evidencing the association between erythrocyte morphodynamic characteristics assessed by LoRRca and plaque instability in a high-risk cohort of nonob CAD, suggest the use of these blood cell features in the identification of high-risk patients, in the absence of severe coronary stenosis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7838560/ /pubmed/33519509 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.603633 Text en Copyright © 2021 Porro, Conte, Zaninoni, Bianchi, Veglia, Barbieri, Fiorelli, Eligini, Di Minno, Mushtaq, Tremoli, Cavalca and Andreini. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Porro, Benedetta
Conte, Edoardo
Zaninoni, Anna
Bianchi, Paola
Veglia, Fabrizio
Barbieri, Simone
Fiorelli, Susanna
Eligini, Sonia
Di Minno, Alessandro
Mushtaq, Saima
Tremoli, Elena
Cavalca, Viviana
Andreini, Daniele
Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
title Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
title_full Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
title_fullStr Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
title_full_unstemmed Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
title_short Red Blood Cell Morphodynamics: A New Potential Marker in High-Risk Patients
title_sort red blood cell morphodynamics: a new potential marker in high-risk patients
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.603633
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