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Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia

Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with macrovascular and microvascular complications that compromise the quality of life; however, the patients’ perspectives about medication non-adherence are unclear. We aimed to understand patient behavior and explore the barriers to medication adherence in unco...

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Autores principales: Alodhaib, Ghaida, Alhusaynan, Imtinan, Mirza, Ahmer, Almogbel, Yasser
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838809/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33440884
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010016
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author Alodhaib, Ghaida
Alhusaynan, Imtinan
Mirza, Ahmer
Almogbel, Yasser
author_facet Alodhaib, Ghaida
Alhusaynan, Imtinan
Mirza, Ahmer
Almogbel, Yasser
author_sort Alodhaib, Ghaida
collection PubMed
description Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with macrovascular and microvascular complications that compromise the quality of life; however, the patients’ perspectives about medication non-adherence are unclear. We aimed to understand patient behavior and explore the barriers to medication adherence in uncontrolled diabetes patients. We employed a qualitative method of face-to-face interviews conducted with adult patients in Saudi Arabia who had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (glycosylated hemoglobin >7% or fasting blood glucose >7.2 mmol/L). All interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using thematic analysis. The interviews were conducted for 68 patients. Sixty-seven patients were suffering from Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, and one patient was suffering from Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. We identified the barriers to medication adherence and classified them under six main factors: patients-, medications-, healthcare-, provider-, social-, and disease-related factors. The main barriers identified were the use of alternatives, hard-pressed for time, polypharmacy, bad relationship with the physician, cultured beliefs, self-alteration of the dose, exposed side effects, ineffective medications, refusal of insulin, multiple doctor visits, uncontrolled diet, and forgetfulness. Multiple barriers that prevented the patients from medication adherence were related to poor knowledge, counseling, psychological management, and social support. Appropriate educational programs, suitable patient-specific counseling, and close follow-ups would be required to improve the knowledge, outcomes, and quality of life in uncontrolled diabetes patients.
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spelling pubmed-78388092021-01-28 Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia Alodhaib, Ghaida Alhusaynan, Imtinan Mirza, Ahmer Almogbel, Yasser Pharmacy (Basel) Article Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with macrovascular and microvascular complications that compromise the quality of life; however, the patients’ perspectives about medication non-adherence are unclear. We aimed to understand patient behavior and explore the barriers to medication adherence in uncontrolled diabetes patients. We employed a qualitative method of face-to-face interviews conducted with adult patients in Saudi Arabia who had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (glycosylated hemoglobin >7% or fasting blood glucose >7.2 mmol/L). All interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using thematic analysis. The interviews were conducted for 68 patients. Sixty-seven patients were suffering from Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, and one patient was suffering from Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. We identified the barriers to medication adherence and classified them under six main factors: patients-, medications-, healthcare-, provider-, social-, and disease-related factors. The main barriers identified were the use of alternatives, hard-pressed for time, polypharmacy, bad relationship with the physician, cultured beliefs, self-alteration of the dose, exposed side effects, ineffective medications, refusal of insulin, multiple doctor visits, uncontrolled diet, and forgetfulness. Multiple barriers that prevented the patients from medication adherence were related to poor knowledge, counseling, psychological management, and social support. Appropriate educational programs, suitable patient-specific counseling, and close follow-ups would be required to improve the knowledge, outcomes, and quality of life in uncontrolled diabetes patients. MDPI 2021-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7838809/ /pubmed/33440884 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010016 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Alodhaib, Ghaida
Alhusaynan, Imtinan
Mirza, Ahmer
Almogbel, Yasser
Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia
title Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia
title_full Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia
title_short Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Medication Adherence Among Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in Saudi Arabia
title_sort qualitative exploration of barriers to medication adherence among patients with uncontrolled diabetes in saudi arabia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838809/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33440884
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010016
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