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Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals
Anesthetic agents cause unique electroencephalogram (EEG) activity resulting from actions on their diverse molecular targets. Typically to produce balanced anesthesia in the clinical setting, several anesthetic and adjuvant agents are combined. This creates challenges for the clinical use of intraop...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7839978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33419036 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020495 |
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author | Eagleman, Sarah MacIver, M. Bruce |
author_facet | Eagleman, Sarah MacIver, M. Bruce |
author_sort | Eagleman, Sarah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Anesthetic agents cause unique electroencephalogram (EEG) activity resulting from actions on their diverse molecular targets. Typically to produce balanced anesthesia in the clinical setting, several anesthetic and adjuvant agents are combined. This creates challenges for the clinical use of intraoperative EEG monitoring, because computational approaches are mostly limited to spectral analyses and different agents and combinations produce different EEG responses. Thus, testing of many combinations of agents is needed to generate accurate, protocol independent analyses. Additionally, most studies to develop new computational approaches take place in young, healthy adults and electrophysiological responses to anesthetics vary widely at the extremes of age, due to physiological brain differences. Below, we discuss the challenges associated with EEG biomarker identification for anesthetic depth based on the diversity of molecular targets. We suggest that by focusing on the generalized effects of anesthetic agents on network activity, we can create paths for improved universal analyses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7839978 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78399782021-01-28 Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals Eagleman, Sarah MacIver, M. Bruce Int J Mol Sci Review Anesthetic agents cause unique electroencephalogram (EEG) activity resulting from actions on their diverse molecular targets. Typically to produce balanced anesthesia in the clinical setting, several anesthetic and adjuvant agents are combined. This creates challenges for the clinical use of intraoperative EEG monitoring, because computational approaches are mostly limited to spectral analyses and different agents and combinations produce different EEG responses. Thus, testing of many combinations of agents is needed to generate accurate, protocol independent analyses. Additionally, most studies to develop new computational approaches take place in young, healthy adults and electrophysiological responses to anesthetics vary widely at the extremes of age, due to physiological brain differences. Below, we discuss the challenges associated with EEG biomarker identification for anesthetic depth based on the diversity of molecular targets. We suggest that by focusing on the generalized effects of anesthetic agents on network activity, we can create paths for improved universal analyses. MDPI 2021-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7839978/ /pubmed/33419036 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020495 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Eagleman, Sarah MacIver, M. Bruce Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals |
title | Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals |
title_full | Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals |
title_fullStr | Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals |
title_short | Molecular Diversity of Anesthetic Actions Is Evident in Electroencephalogram Effects in Humans and Animals |
title_sort | molecular diversity of anesthetic actions is evident in electroencephalogram effects in humans and animals |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7839978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33419036 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020495 |
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