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Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacterial bloodstream infections. The heterogeneity in patient outcomes in S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) can be attributed in part to strain characteristics, which may influence host response to infection. We specifically examined the relationship...

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Autores principales: Algorri, Marquerita, Jorth, Peter, Wong-Beringer, Annie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7840697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519759
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.609280
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author Algorri, Marquerita
Jorth, Peter
Wong-Beringer, Annie
author_facet Algorri, Marquerita
Jorth, Peter
Wong-Beringer, Annie
author_sort Algorri, Marquerita
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacterial bloodstream infections. The heterogeneity in patient outcomes in S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) can be attributed in part to strain characteristics, which may influence host response to infection. We specifically examined the relationship between lipoteichoic acid (LTA) release from S. aureus and disease phenotype, strain background, and antibiotic exposure. METHODS: Seven strains of S. aureus causing different clinical phenotypes of bacteremia and two reference strains (LAC USA 300 and Mu3) were analyzed for LTA release at baseline and following exposure to antibiotics from different pharmacologic classes (vancomycin, ceftaroline, and tedizolid). LTA release was quantified by LTA-specific ELISA. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the clinical strains and analyzed using open-source bioinformatics tools. RESULTS: Lipoteichoic acid release varied by 4-fold amongst the clinical strains and appeared to be related to duration of bacteremia, independent of MLST type. Low LTA releasing strains were isolated from patients who had prolonged duration of bacteremia and died. Antibiotic-mediated differences in LTA release appeared to be associated with MLST type, as ST8 strains released maximal LTA in response to tedizolid while other non-ST8 strains demonstrated high LTA release with vancomycin. Genetic variations related to the LTA biosynthesis pathway were detected in all non-ST8 strains, though ST8 strains showed no variations despite demonstrating differential LTA release. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide the basis for future studies to evaluate the relationship between LTA release-mediated host immune response and clinical outcomes as well as the potential for antibiotic modulation of LTA release as a therapeutic strategy and deserve confirmation with larger number of strains with known clinical phenotypes.
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spelling pubmed-78406972021-01-29 Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure Algorri, Marquerita Jorth, Peter Wong-Beringer, Annie Front Microbiol Microbiology BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacterial bloodstream infections. The heterogeneity in patient outcomes in S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) can be attributed in part to strain characteristics, which may influence host response to infection. We specifically examined the relationship between lipoteichoic acid (LTA) release from S. aureus and disease phenotype, strain background, and antibiotic exposure. METHODS: Seven strains of S. aureus causing different clinical phenotypes of bacteremia and two reference strains (LAC USA 300 and Mu3) were analyzed for LTA release at baseline and following exposure to antibiotics from different pharmacologic classes (vancomycin, ceftaroline, and tedizolid). LTA release was quantified by LTA-specific ELISA. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the clinical strains and analyzed using open-source bioinformatics tools. RESULTS: Lipoteichoic acid release varied by 4-fold amongst the clinical strains and appeared to be related to duration of bacteremia, independent of MLST type. Low LTA releasing strains were isolated from patients who had prolonged duration of bacteremia and died. Antibiotic-mediated differences in LTA release appeared to be associated with MLST type, as ST8 strains released maximal LTA in response to tedizolid while other non-ST8 strains demonstrated high LTA release with vancomycin. Genetic variations related to the LTA biosynthesis pathway were detected in all non-ST8 strains, though ST8 strains showed no variations despite demonstrating differential LTA release. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide the basis for future studies to evaluate the relationship between LTA release-mediated host immune response and clinical outcomes as well as the potential for antibiotic modulation of LTA release as a therapeutic strategy and deserve confirmation with larger number of strains with known clinical phenotypes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7840697/ /pubmed/33519759 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.609280 Text en Copyright © 2021 Algorri, Jorth and Wong-Beringer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Algorri, Marquerita
Jorth, Peter
Wong-Beringer, Annie
Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure
title Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure
title_full Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure
title_fullStr Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure
title_full_unstemmed Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure
title_short Variable Release of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Relates to Distinct Clinical Phenotypes, Strain Background, and Antibiotic Exposure
title_sort variable release of lipoteichoic acid from staphylococcus aureus bloodstream isolates relates to distinct clinical phenotypes, strain background, and antibiotic exposure
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7840697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33519759
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.609280
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