Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Nodular Anterior Scleritis due to Post-Streptococcal Syndrome

PURPOSE: To report a case of nodular anterior scleritis due to poststreptococcal syndrome using optical coherence tomography imaging. CASE REPORT: A 41-year-old woman with a history of acute rheumatic fever presented with a nodular anterior scleritis. Common causes were excluded. Optical coherence tomography of sclera showed enlarged vessels, inflammatory infiltrates, separated fibers, and a serous detachment. Laboratory investigations showed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, raised anti-streptolysin O titer, and the presence of group A streptococcus in the throat. The scleritis rapidly improved with penicillin treatment. CONCLUSION: Poststreptococcal syndrome should be considered in the etiology of non-necrotizing anterior scleritis.