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Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity

Neurophysiological experiments have shown that a shared region of the primate visual system registers both radial and rotational motion. Radial and rotational motion also share computational features. Despite these neural and computational similarities, prior experiments have disrupted radial, but n...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Matthews, Nestor, Welch, Leslie, Festa, Elena K., Bruno, Anthony A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842916/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33508003
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246094
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author Matthews, Nestor
Welch, Leslie
Festa, Elena K.
Bruno, Anthony A.
author_facet Matthews, Nestor
Welch, Leslie
Festa, Elena K.
Bruno, Anthony A.
author_sort Matthews, Nestor
collection PubMed
description Neurophysiological experiments have shown that a shared region of the primate visual system registers both radial and rotational motion. Radial and rotational motion also share computational features. Despite these neural and computational similarities, prior experiments have disrupted radial, but not rotational, motion sensitivity -a single dissociation. Here we report stimulus manipulations that extend the single dissociation to a double dissociation, thereby showing further separability between radial and rotational motion sensitivity. In Exp 1 bilateral plaid stimuli with or without phase-noise either radiated or rotated before changing direction. College students reported whether the direction changed first on the left or right–a temporal order judgment (TOJ). Phase noise generated significantly larger disruptions to rotational TOJs than to radial TOJs, thereby completing the double dissociation. In Exp 2 we conceptually replicated this double dissociation by switching the task from TOJs to simultaneity judgments (SJs). Phase noise generated significantly larger disruptions to rotational SJs than to radial SJs. This disruption pattern reversed after changing the plaids’ motion from same- to opposite-initial directions. The double dissociations reported here revealed distinct dependencies for radial and rotational motion sensitivity. Radial motion sensitivity depended strongly on information about global depth. Rotational motion sensitivity depended strongly on positional information about local luminance gradients. These distinct dependencies arose downstream from the neural mechanisms that detect local linear components within radial and rotational motion. Overall, the differential impairments generated by our psychophysical experiments demonstrate independence between radial and rotational motion sensitivity, despite their neural and computational similarities.
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spelling pubmed-78429162021-02-02 Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity Matthews, Nestor Welch, Leslie Festa, Elena K. Bruno, Anthony A. PLoS One Research Article Neurophysiological experiments have shown that a shared region of the primate visual system registers both radial and rotational motion. Radial and rotational motion also share computational features. Despite these neural and computational similarities, prior experiments have disrupted radial, but not rotational, motion sensitivity -a single dissociation. Here we report stimulus manipulations that extend the single dissociation to a double dissociation, thereby showing further separability between radial and rotational motion sensitivity. In Exp 1 bilateral plaid stimuli with or without phase-noise either radiated or rotated before changing direction. College students reported whether the direction changed first on the left or right–a temporal order judgment (TOJ). Phase noise generated significantly larger disruptions to rotational TOJs than to radial TOJs, thereby completing the double dissociation. In Exp 2 we conceptually replicated this double dissociation by switching the task from TOJs to simultaneity judgments (SJs). Phase noise generated significantly larger disruptions to rotational SJs than to radial SJs. This disruption pattern reversed after changing the plaids’ motion from same- to opposite-initial directions. The double dissociations reported here revealed distinct dependencies for radial and rotational motion sensitivity. Radial motion sensitivity depended strongly on information about global depth. Rotational motion sensitivity depended strongly on positional information about local luminance gradients. These distinct dependencies arose downstream from the neural mechanisms that detect local linear components within radial and rotational motion. Overall, the differential impairments generated by our psychophysical experiments demonstrate independence between radial and rotational motion sensitivity, despite their neural and computational similarities. Public Library of Science 2021-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7842916/ /pubmed/33508003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246094 Text en © 2021 Matthews et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Matthews, Nestor
Welch, Leslie
Festa, Elena K.
Bruno, Anthony A.
Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
title Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
title_full Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
title_fullStr Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
title_full_unstemmed Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
title_short Double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
title_sort double dissociation in radial and rotational motion sensitivity
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842916/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33508003
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246094
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