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Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had brought negative consequences and new stressors to mothers. The current study aims to compare factors predicting maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands. METHODS: The sample consisted of...

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Autores principales: Guo, Jing, De Carli, Pietro, Lodder, Paul, Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Riem, Madelon M. E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7844185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33436133
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005504
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author Guo, Jing
De Carli, Pietro
Lodder, Paul
Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J.
Riem, Madelon M. E.
author_facet Guo, Jing
De Carli, Pietro
Lodder, Paul
Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J.
Riem, Madelon M. E.
author_sort Guo, Jing
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had brought negative consequences and new stressors to mothers. The current study aims to compare factors predicting maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands. METHODS: The sample consisted of 900 Dutch, 641 Italian, and 922 Chinese mothers (age M = 36.74, s.d. = 5.58) who completed an online questionnaire during the lockdown. Ten-fold cross-validation models were applied to explore the predictive performance of related factors for maternal mental health, and also to test similarities and differences between the countries. RESULTS: COVID-19-related stress and family conflict are risk factors and resilience is a protective factor in association with maternal mental health in each country. Despite these shared factors, unique best models were identified for each of the three countries. In Italy, maternal age and poor physical health were related to more mental health symptoms, while in the Netherlands maternal high education and unemployment were associated with mental health symptoms. In China, having more than one child, being married, and grandparental support for mothers were important protective factors lowering the risk for mental health symptoms. Moreover, high SES (mother's high education, high family income) and poor physical health were found to relate to high levels of mental health symptoms among Chinese mothers. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important for the identification of at-risk mothers and the development of mental health promotion programs during COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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spelling pubmed-78441852021-02-01 Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study Guo, Jing De Carli, Pietro Lodder, Paul Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J. Riem, Madelon M. E. Psychol Med Original Article BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had brought negative consequences and new stressors to mothers. The current study aims to compare factors predicting maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands. METHODS: The sample consisted of 900 Dutch, 641 Italian, and 922 Chinese mothers (age M = 36.74, s.d. = 5.58) who completed an online questionnaire during the lockdown. Ten-fold cross-validation models were applied to explore the predictive performance of related factors for maternal mental health, and also to test similarities and differences between the countries. RESULTS: COVID-19-related stress and family conflict are risk factors and resilience is a protective factor in association with maternal mental health in each country. Despite these shared factors, unique best models were identified for each of the three countries. In Italy, maternal age and poor physical health were related to more mental health symptoms, while in the Netherlands maternal high education and unemployment were associated with mental health symptoms. In China, having more than one child, being married, and grandparental support for mothers were important protective factors lowering the risk for mental health symptoms. Moreover, high SES (mother's high education, high family income) and poor physical health were found to relate to high levels of mental health symptoms among Chinese mothers. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important for the identification of at-risk mothers and the development of mental health promotion programs during COVID-19 and future pandemics. Cambridge University Press 2021-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7844185/ /pubmed/33436133 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005504 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Guo, Jing
De Carli, Pietro
Lodder, Paul
Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J.
Riem, Madelon M. E.
Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study
title Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study
title_full Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study
title_fullStr Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study
title_full_unstemmed Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study
title_short Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands: a cross-validation study
title_sort maternal mental health during the covid-19 lockdown in china, italy, and the netherlands: a cross-validation study
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7844185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33436133
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005504
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