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How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type

BACKGROUND: Most analysis of road injuries examines the risk experienced by people using different modes of transport, for instance, pedestrian fatalities per-head or per-km. A small but growing field analyses the impact that the use of different transport modes has on other road users, for instance...

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Autores principales: Aldred, Rachel, Johnson, Rob, Jackson, Christopher, Woodcock, James
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7848050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32253257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043534
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author Aldred, Rachel
Johnson, Rob
Jackson, Christopher
Woodcock, James
author_facet Aldred, Rachel
Johnson, Rob
Jackson, Christopher
Woodcock, James
author_sort Aldred, Rachel
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Most analysis of road injuries examines the risk experienced by people using different modes of transport, for instance, pedestrian fatalities per-head or per-km. A small but growing field analyses the impact that the use of different transport modes has on other road users, for instance, injuries to others per-km driven. METHODS: This paper moves the analysis of risk posed to others forward by comparing six different vehicular modes, separating road types (major vs minor roads in urban vs rural settings). The comparison of risk posed by men and women for all these modes is also novel. RESULTS: Per-vehicle kilometre, buses and lorries pose much the highest risk to others, while cycles pose the lowest. Motorcycles pose a substantially higher per-km risk to others than cars. The fatality risk posed by cars or vans to ORUs per km is higher in rural areas. Risk posed is generally higher on major roads, although not in the case of lorries, suggesting a link to higher speeds. Men pose higher per-km risk to others than women for all modes except buses, as well as being over-represented among users of the most dangerous vehicles. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should examine more settings, adjust for spatial and temporal confounders, or examine how infrastructure or route characteristics affect risk posed to others. Although for most victims the other vehicle involved is a car, results suggest policy-makers should also seek to reduce disproportionate risks posed by the more dangerous vehicles, for instance, by discouraging motorcycling. Finally, given higher risk posed to others by men across five of six modes analysed, policy-makers should consider how to reduce persistent large gender imbalances in jobs involving driving.
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spelling pubmed-78480502021-02-08 How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type Aldred, Rachel Johnson, Rob Jackson, Christopher Woodcock, James Inj Prev Original Research BACKGROUND: Most analysis of road injuries examines the risk experienced by people using different modes of transport, for instance, pedestrian fatalities per-head or per-km. A small but growing field analyses the impact that the use of different transport modes has on other road users, for instance, injuries to others per-km driven. METHODS: This paper moves the analysis of risk posed to others forward by comparing six different vehicular modes, separating road types (major vs minor roads in urban vs rural settings). The comparison of risk posed by men and women for all these modes is also novel. RESULTS: Per-vehicle kilometre, buses and lorries pose much the highest risk to others, while cycles pose the lowest. Motorcycles pose a substantially higher per-km risk to others than cars. The fatality risk posed by cars or vans to ORUs per km is higher in rural areas. Risk posed is generally higher on major roads, although not in the case of lorries, suggesting a link to higher speeds. Men pose higher per-km risk to others than women for all modes except buses, as well as being over-represented among users of the most dangerous vehicles. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should examine more settings, adjust for spatial and temporal confounders, or examine how infrastructure or route characteristics affect risk posed to others. Although for most victims the other vehicle involved is a car, results suggest policy-makers should also seek to reduce disproportionate risks posed by the more dangerous vehicles, for instance, by discouraging motorcycling. Finally, given higher risk posed to others by men across five of six modes analysed, policy-makers should consider how to reduce persistent large gender imbalances in jobs involving driving. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-02 2020-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7848050/ /pubmed/32253257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043534 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Original Research
Aldred, Rachel
Johnson, Rob
Jackson, Christopher
Woodcock, James
How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
title How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
title_full How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
title_fullStr How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
title_full_unstemmed How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
title_short How does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? An analysis of English road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
title_sort how does mode of travel affect risks posed to other road users? an analysis of english road fatality data, incorporating gender and road type
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7848050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32253257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043534
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