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Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia
Calcium (Ca(+2)) is a divalent cation that plays a critical role in numerous body functions such as skeletal mineralization, signal transduction, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood coagulation. Ca(+2) metabolism is linked to magnesium (Mg(+2)) and phosphate metabolism. Ca(+2 )homeostasi...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Cureus
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7849212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33542868 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12420 |
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author | Tinawi, Mohammad |
author_facet | Tinawi, Mohammad |
author_sort | Tinawi, Mohammad |
collection | PubMed |
description | Calcium (Ca(+2)) is a divalent cation that plays a critical role in numerous body functions such as skeletal mineralization, signal transduction, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood coagulation. Ca(+2) metabolism is linked to magnesium (Mg(+2)) and phosphate metabolism. Ca(+2 )homeostasis is dependent on intestinal absorption, bone turnover, and renal reabsorption. The hormonal regulators of these processes are the parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitriol {1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D]}, and serum ionized Ca(+2). Cloning of the Ca(+2)-sensing receptor (CaSR) has greatly advanced the understanding of Ca(+2) metabolism. Disorders of Ca(+2) metabolism are easily recognized because Ca(+2) is included in routine chemistry panels. Measurement of ionized Ca(+2) is the preferred way to ascertain the diagnosis of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7849212 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78492122021-02-03 Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia Tinawi, Mohammad Cureus Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism Calcium (Ca(+2)) is a divalent cation that plays a critical role in numerous body functions such as skeletal mineralization, signal transduction, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood coagulation. Ca(+2) metabolism is linked to magnesium (Mg(+2)) and phosphate metabolism. Ca(+2 )homeostasis is dependent on intestinal absorption, bone turnover, and renal reabsorption. The hormonal regulators of these processes are the parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitriol {1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D]}, and serum ionized Ca(+2). Cloning of the Ca(+2)-sensing receptor (CaSR) has greatly advanced the understanding of Ca(+2) metabolism. Disorders of Ca(+2) metabolism are easily recognized because Ca(+2) is included in routine chemistry panels. Measurement of ionized Ca(+2) is the preferred way to ascertain the diagnosis of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia. Cureus 2021-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7849212/ /pubmed/33542868 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12420 Text en Copyright © 2021, Tinawi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism Tinawi, Mohammad Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia |
title | Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia |
title_full | Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia |
title_fullStr | Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia |
title_full_unstemmed | Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia |
title_short | Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia |
title_sort | disorders of calcium metabolism: hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia |
topic | Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7849212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33542868 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12420 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tinawimohammad disordersofcalciummetabolismhypocalcemiaandhypercalcemia |