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Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date
Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease defined by chronic inflammation of the airways. Patients present with wheezing, chest tightness, cough and shortness of breath. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and variable expiratory airflow limitation are hallmark features. About 3.6–6.1% of patients, despit...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7850420/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33536746 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S250825 |
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author | Dorey-Stein, Zachariah L Shenoy, Kartik V |
author_facet | Dorey-Stein, Zachariah L Shenoy, Kartik V |
author_sort | Dorey-Stein, Zachariah L |
collection | PubMed |
description | Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease defined by chronic inflammation of the airways. Patients present with wheezing, chest tightness, cough and shortness of breath. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and variable expiratory airflow limitation are hallmark features. About 3.6–6.1% of patients, despite receiving high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and a second controller medication, report persistent symptoms referred to as severe asthma. Uncontrolled severe asthma is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, diminished quality of life and increased health expenditures. The development of modern biological therapy has revolutionized severe asthma treatment. By targeting specific chemokines, asthma control has drastically improved, resulting in better quality of life, less emergency department visits and inpatient admissions, and decreased chronic systemic corticosteroid utilization. Despite these advances, there remains a subset of asthma patients who remain symptomatic with poor quality of life and heavy utilization of the healthcare system. Recently attention has been given to pharmaceutical therapy directed at receptors and cytokines on the epithelial layer of the lung referred to as “alarmins”. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin-7-like receptor family found on the epithelial layer of the lung that releases a cytokine cascade inducing eosinophilic inflammation, mucus production and airflow obstruction in asthmatics. Tezepelumab is the first investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits TSLP. Proof of concept study and phase IIb studies demonstrated reduced asthma exacerbations, improvement in quality of life, less decline in FEV(1) and decrease in biochemical inflammatory markers in comparison to placebo. It is presently undergoing three phase III studies and an additional phase II study. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7850420 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78504202021-02-02 Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date Dorey-Stein, Zachariah L Shenoy, Kartik V Drug Des Devel Ther Review Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease defined by chronic inflammation of the airways. Patients present with wheezing, chest tightness, cough and shortness of breath. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and variable expiratory airflow limitation are hallmark features. About 3.6–6.1% of patients, despite receiving high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and a second controller medication, report persistent symptoms referred to as severe asthma. Uncontrolled severe asthma is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, diminished quality of life and increased health expenditures. The development of modern biological therapy has revolutionized severe asthma treatment. By targeting specific chemokines, asthma control has drastically improved, resulting in better quality of life, less emergency department visits and inpatient admissions, and decreased chronic systemic corticosteroid utilization. Despite these advances, there remains a subset of asthma patients who remain symptomatic with poor quality of life and heavy utilization of the healthcare system. Recently attention has been given to pharmaceutical therapy directed at receptors and cytokines on the epithelial layer of the lung referred to as “alarmins”. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin-7-like receptor family found on the epithelial layer of the lung that releases a cytokine cascade inducing eosinophilic inflammation, mucus production and airflow obstruction in asthmatics. Tezepelumab is the first investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits TSLP. Proof of concept study and phase IIb studies demonstrated reduced asthma exacerbations, improvement in quality of life, less decline in FEV(1) and decrease in biochemical inflammatory markers in comparison to placebo. It is presently undergoing three phase III studies and an additional phase II study. Dove 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7850420/ /pubmed/33536746 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S250825 Text en © 2021 Dorey-Stein and Shenoy. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Review Dorey-Stein, Zachariah L Shenoy, Kartik V Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date |
title | Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date |
title_full | Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date |
title_fullStr | Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date |
title_full_unstemmed | Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date |
title_short | Tezepelumab as an Emerging Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Severe Asthma: Evidence to Date |
title_sort | tezepelumab as an emerging therapeutic option for the treatment of severe asthma: evidence to date |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7850420/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33536746 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S250825 |
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