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Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute immune-mediated disease that affects the peripheral nervous system, with progressive motor deficit in the limbs, sometimes involvement of the cranial nerves and possible impairment of the autonomic nervous system. Due to the respiratory and autonomic nervous dysfu...

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Autores principales: Stoian, Adina, Șerban, Georgiana, Bajko, Zoltan, Andone, Sebastian, Mosora, Oana, Bălașa, Adrian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: D.A. Spandidos 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7851665/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33603872
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9696
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author Stoian, Adina
Șerban, Georgiana
Bajko, Zoltan
Andone, Sebastian
Mosora, Oana
Bălașa, Adrian
author_facet Stoian, Adina
Șerban, Georgiana
Bajko, Zoltan
Andone, Sebastian
Mosora, Oana
Bălașa, Adrian
author_sort Stoian, Adina
collection PubMed
description Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute immune-mediated disease that affects the peripheral nervous system, with progressive motor deficit in the limbs, sometimes involvement of the cranial nerves and possible impairment of the autonomic nervous system. Due to the respiratory and autonomic nervous dysfunction, the disease has the potential to be fatal. Although modern methods of treatment have significantly improved patient prognosis, many patients nevertheless experience significant neurological sequelae. The practical applicability of plasmapheresis was illustrated in our case report. We report the case of a 27-year-old man who had a mild viral respiratory tract infection 1 week prior to the onset of disease with gradual development of a motor deficit, urinary retention, slight swallowing difficulties and mild respiratory dysfunction. Nerve conduction studies were performed and the diagnosis of acute motor axonal neuropathy phenotypic variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome was established. Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, endocrinopathies, neoplastic diseases, intoxications, metabolic diseases and vitamin deficiencies were ruled out. Our patient attended four sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange performed using peripheral venous approach with two needles with significant recovery of the motor deficit. The patient was discharged 1 week later on maintenance kinetotherapy with further favorable evolution. In conclusion, we report a good evolution as a result of therapeutic plasma exchange in a patient with acute motor axonal neuropathy phenotypic variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The procedure is well-tolerated and can be performed safely by peripheral approach not only in the intensive care unit but also in a neurology clinic.
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spelling pubmed-78516652021-02-17 Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review) Stoian, Adina Șerban, Georgiana Bajko, Zoltan Andone, Sebastian Mosora, Oana Bălașa, Adrian Exp Ther Med Review Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute immune-mediated disease that affects the peripheral nervous system, with progressive motor deficit in the limbs, sometimes involvement of the cranial nerves and possible impairment of the autonomic nervous system. Due to the respiratory and autonomic nervous dysfunction, the disease has the potential to be fatal. Although modern methods of treatment have significantly improved patient prognosis, many patients nevertheless experience significant neurological sequelae. The practical applicability of plasmapheresis was illustrated in our case report. We report the case of a 27-year-old man who had a mild viral respiratory tract infection 1 week prior to the onset of disease with gradual development of a motor deficit, urinary retention, slight swallowing difficulties and mild respiratory dysfunction. Nerve conduction studies were performed and the diagnosis of acute motor axonal neuropathy phenotypic variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome was established. Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, endocrinopathies, neoplastic diseases, intoxications, metabolic diseases and vitamin deficiencies were ruled out. Our patient attended four sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange performed using peripheral venous approach with two needles with significant recovery of the motor deficit. The patient was discharged 1 week later on maintenance kinetotherapy with further favorable evolution. In conclusion, we report a good evolution as a result of therapeutic plasma exchange in a patient with acute motor axonal neuropathy phenotypic variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The procedure is well-tolerated and can be performed safely by peripheral approach not only in the intensive care unit but also in a neurology clinic. D.A. Spandidos 2021-03 2021-01-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7851665/ /pubmed/33603872 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9696 Text en Copyright: © Stoian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Review
Stoian, Adina
Șerban, Georgiana
Bajko, Zoltan
Andone, Sebastian
Mosora, Oana
Bălașa, Adrian
Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)
title Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)
title_full Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)
title_fullStr Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)
title_short Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-based review of the literature (Review)
title_sort therapeutic plasma exchange as a first-choice therapy for axonal guillain-barré syndrome: a case-based review of the literature (review)
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7851665/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33603872
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9696
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