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Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults

The manner in which humans exploit multisensory information for subsequent decisions changes with age. Multiple causes for such age-effects are being discussed, including a reduced precision in peripheral sensory representations, changes in cognitive inference about causal relations between sensory...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Park, Hame, Nannt, Julia, Kayser, Christoph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Masson 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33422888
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.12.001
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author Park, Hame
Nannt, Julia
Kayser, Christoph
author_facet Park, Hame
Nannt, Julia
Kayser, Christoph
author_sort Park, Hame
collection PubMed
description The manner in which humans exploit multisensory information for subsequent decisions changes with age. Multiple causes for such age-effects are being discussed, including a reduced precision in peripheral sensory representations, changes in cognitive inference about causal relations between sensory cues, and a decline in memory contributing to altered sequential patterns of multisensory behaviour. To dissociate these putative contributions, we investigated how healthy young and older adults integrate audio-visual spatial information within trials (the ventriloquism effect) and between trials (the ventriloquism aftereffect). With both a model-free and (Bayesian) model-based analyses we found that both biases differed between groups. Our results attribute the age-change in the ventriloquism bias to a decline in spatial hearing rather than a change in cognitive processes. This decline in peripheral function, combined with a more prominent influence from preceding responses rather than preceding stimuli in the elderly, can also explain the observed age-effect in the ventriloquism aftereffect. Our results suggest a transition from a sensory-to a behavior-driven influence of past multisensory experience on perceptual decisions with age, due to reduced sensory precision and change in memory capacity.
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spelling pubmed-78565502021-02-05 Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults Park, Hame Nannt, Julia Kayser, Christoph Cortex Special Issue “Multisensory integration”: Research Report The manner in which humans exploit multisensory information for subsequent decisions changes with age. Multiple causes for such age-effects are being discussed, including a reduced precision in peripheral sensory representations, changes in cognitive inference about causal relations between sensory cues, and a decline in memory contributing to altered sequential patterns of multisensory behaviour. To dissociate these putative contributions, we investigated how healthy young and older adults integrate audio-visual spatial information within trials (the ventriloquism effect) and between trials (the ventriloquism aftereffect). With both a model-free and (Bayesian) model-based analyses we found that both biases differed between groups. Our results attribute the age-change in the ventriloquism bias to a decline in spatial hearing rather than a change in cognitive processes. This decline in peripheral function, combined with a more prominent influence from preceding responses rather than preceding stimuli in the elderly, can also explain the observed age-effect in the ventriloquism aftereffect. Our results suggest a transition from a sensory-to a behavior-driven influence of past multisensory experience on perceptual decisions with age, due to reduced sensory precision and change in memory capacity. Masson 2021-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7856550/ /pubmed/33422888 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.12.001 Text en © 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Special Issue “Multisensory integration”: Research Report
Park, Hame
Nannt, Julia
Kayser, Christoph
Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
title Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
title_full Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
title_fullStr Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
title_full_unstemmed Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
title_short Sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
title_sort sensory- and memory-related drivers for altered ventriloquism effects and aftereffects in older adults
topic Special Issue “Multisensory integration”: Research Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33422888
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.12.001
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