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Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on digestive-system cancer (DSC) by improving insulin sensitivity and anticancer immune function and by reducing the exposure of the digestive tract to carcinogens by stimulating gastrointestinal motility, thus reducing transit time. The current...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Shanghai University of Sport
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856558/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33010525 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.09.009 |
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author | Xie, Fangfang You, Yanli Huang, Jihan Guan, Chong Chen, Ziji Fang, Min Yao, Fei Han, Jia |
author_facet | Xie, Fangfang You, Yanli Huang, Jihan Guan, Chong Chen, Ziji Fang, Min Yao, Fei Han, Jia |
author_sort | Xie, Fangfang |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on digestive-system cancer (DSC) by improving insulin sensitivity and anticancer immune function and by reducing the exposure of the digestive tract to carcinogens by stimulating gastrointestinal motility, thus reducing transit time. The current study aimed to determine the effect of PA on different types of DSC via a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched for relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Using a random effects model, the relationship between PA and different types of DSC was analyzed. RESULTS: The data used for meta-analysis were derived from 161 risk estimates in 47 studies involving 5,797,768 participants and 55,162 cases. We assessed the pooled associations between high vs. low PA levels and the risk of DSC (risk ratio (RR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.79–0.85), colon cancer (RR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.76–0.87), rectal cancer (RR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.80–0.98), colorectal cancer (RR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.69–0.85), gallbladder cancer (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.64–0.98), gastric cancer (RR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.76–0.91), liver cancer (RR = 0.73, 0.60–0.89), oropharyngeal cancer (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.72–0.87), and pancreatic cancer (RR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.78–0.93). The findings were comparable between case-control studies (RR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.68–0.78) and prospective cohort studies (RR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.80–0.91). The meta-analysis of 9 studies reporting low, moderate, and high PA levels, with 17 risk estimates, showed that compared to low PA, moderate PA may also reduce the risk of DSC (RR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.80–1.00), while compared to moderate PA, high PA seemed to slightly increase the risk of DSC, although the results were not statistically significant (RR = 1.11, 95%CI: 0.94–1.32). In addition, limited evidence from 5 studies suggested that meeting the international PA guidelines might not significantly reduce the risk of DSC (RR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.91–1.02). CONCLUSION: Compared to previous research, this systematic review has provided more comprehensive information about the inverse relationship between PA and DSC risk. The updated evidence from the current meta-analysis indicates that a moderate-to-high PA level is a common protective factor that can significantly lower the overall risk of DSC. However, the reduction rate for specific cancers may vary. In addition, limited evidence suggests that meeting the international PA guidelines might not significantly reduce the risk of DSC. Thus, future studies must be conducted to determine the optimal dosage, frequency, intensity, and duration of PA required to reduce DSC risk effectively. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7856558 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Shanghai University of Sport |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78565582021-02-05 Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis Xie, Fangfang You, Yanli Huang, Jihan Guan, Chong Chen, Ziji Fang, Min Yao, Fei Han, Jia J Sport Health Sci Review BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on digestive-system cancer (DSC) by improving insulin sensitivity and anticancer immune function and by reducing the exposure of the digestive tract to carcinogens by stimulating gastrointestinal motility, thus reducing transit time. The current study aimed to determine the effect of PA on different types of DSC via a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched for relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Using a random effects model, the relationship between PA and different types of DSC was analyzed. RESULTS: The data used for meta-analysis were derived from 161 risk estimates in 47 studies involving 5,797,768 participants and 55,162 cases. We assessed the pooled associations between high vs. low PA levels and the risk of DSC (risk ratio (RR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.79–0.85), colon cancer (RR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.76–0.87), rectal cancer (RR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.80–0.98), colorectal cancer (RR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.69–0.85), gallbladder cancer (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.64–0.98), gastric cancer (RR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.76–0.91), liver cancer (RR = 0.73, 0.60–0.89), oropharyngeal cancer (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.72–0.87), and pancreatic cancer (RR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.78–0.93). The findings were comparable between case-control studies (RR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.68–0.78) and prospective cohort studies (RR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.80–0.91). The meta-analysis of 9 studies reporting low, moderate, and high PA levels, with 17 risk estimates, showed that compared to low PA, moderate PA may also reduce the risk of DSC (RR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.80–1.00), while compared to moderate PA, high PA seemed to slightly increase the risk of DSC, although the results were not statistically significant (RR = 1.11, 95%CI: 0.94–1.32). In addition, limited evidence from 5 studies suggested that meeting the international PA guidelines might not significantly reduce the risk of DSC (RR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.91–1.02). CONCLUSION: Compared to previous research, this systematic review has provided more comprehensive information about the inverse relationship between PA and DSC risk. The updated evidence from the current meta-analysis indicates that a moderate-to-high PA level is a common protective factor that can significantly lower the overall risk of DSC. However, the reduction rate for specific cancers may vary. In addition, limited evidence suggests that meeting the international PA guidelines might not significantly reduce the risk of DSC. Thus, future studies must be conducted to determine the optimal dosage, frequency, intensity, and duration of PA required to reduce DSC risk effectively. Shanghai University of Sport 2021-01 2020-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7856558/ /pubmed/33010525 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.09.009 Text en © 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Xie, Fangfang You, Yanli Huang, Jihan Guan, Chong Chen, Ziji Fang, Min Yao, Fei Han, Jia Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
title | Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full | Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_fullStr | Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_short | Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_sort | association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856558/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33010525 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.09.009 |
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