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Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, c...

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Autores principales: Long, Fei, Lin, Zhi, Li, Liang, Ma, Min, Lu, Zhixing, Jing, Liang, Li, Xiaorong, Lin, Changwei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33536039
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6
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author Long, Fei
Lin, Zhi
Li, Liang
Ma, Min
Lu, Zhixing
Jing, Liang
Li, Xiaorong
Lin, Changwei
author_facet Long, Fei
Lin, Zhi
Li, Liang
Ma, Min
Lu, Zhixing
Jing, Liang
Li, Xiaorong
Lin, Changwei
author_sort Long, Fei
collection PubMed
description Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, conserved molecules that are abundantly expressed in tissue/development-specific patterns in eukaryotes. Based on accumulating evidence, circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues, cells, exosomes, and blood from patients with CRC. Moreover, numerous circRNAs have been identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors that mediate tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoradiation resistance in CRC. Although the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis and functions remain fairly elusive, interesting results have been obtained in studies investigating CRC. In particular, the expression of circRNAs in CRC is comprehensively modulated by multiple factors, such as splicing factors, transcription factors, specific enzymes and cis-acting elements. More importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on CRC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA binding proteins, and even translating functional peptides. Finally, circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the clinical practice of CRC. In this review, we discuss the dysregulation, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in CRC and further discuss the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs exert their functions and how their expression is regulated. Based on this review, we hope to reveal the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer and highlight the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in cancer research. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6.
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spelling pubmed-78567392021-02-04 Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer Long, Fei Lin, Zhi Li, Liang Ma, Min Lu, Zhixing Jing, Liang Li, Xiaorong Lin, Changwei Mol Cancer Review Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, conserved molecules that are abundantly expressed in tissue/development-specific patterns in eukaryotes. Based on accumulating evidence, circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues, cells, exosomes, and blood from patients with CRC. Moreover, numerous circRNAs have been identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors that mediate tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoradiation resistance in CRC. Although the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis and functions remain fairly elusive, interesting results have been obtained in studies investigating CRC. In particular, the expression of circRNAs in CRC is comprehensively modulated by multiple factors, such as splicing factors, transcription factors, specific enzymes and cis-acting elements. More importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on CRC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA binding proteins, and even translating functional peptides. Finally, circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the clinical practice of CRC. In this review, we discuss the dysregulation, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in CRC and further discuss the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs exert their functions and how their expression is regulated. Based on this review, we hope to reveal the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer and highlight the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in cancer research. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6. BioMed Central 2021-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7856739/ /pubmed/33536039 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Long, Fei
Lin, Zhi
Li, Liang
Ma, Min
Lu, Zhixing
Jing, Liang
Li, Xiaorong
Lin, Changwei
Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
title Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
title_full Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
title_fullStr Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
title_full_unstemmed Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
title_short Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
title_sort comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular rnas in colorectal cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7856739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33536039
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6
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