Viral epitope profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals cross-reactivity and correlates of severity

Understanding humoral responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for improving diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Deep serological profiling of 232 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 190 pre–COVID-19 era controls using VirScan revealed m...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shrock, Ellen, Fujimura, Eric, Kula, Tomasz, Timms, Richard T., Lee, I-Hsiu, Leng, Yumei, Robinson, Matthew L., Sie, Brandon M., Li, Mamie Z., Chen, Yuezhou, Logue, Jennifer, Zuiani, Adam, McCulloch, Denise, Lelis, Felipe J. N., Henson, Stephanie, Monaco, Daniel R., Travers, Meghan, Habibi, Shaghayegh, Clarke, William A., Caturegli, Patrizio, Laeyendecker, Oliver, Piechocka-Trocha, Alicja, Li, Jonathan Z., Khatri, Ashok, Chu, Helen Y., Villani, Alexandra-Chloé, Kays, Kyle, Goldberg, Marcia B., Hacohen, Nir, Filbin, Michael R., Yu, Xu G., Walker, Bruce D., Wesemann, Duane R., Larman, H. Benjamin, Lederer, James A., Elledge, Stephen J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Association for the Advancement of Science 2020
Materias:
Research Articles
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7857405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32994364
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abd4250
Descripción
Sumario:Understanding humoral responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for improving diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Deep serological profiling of 232 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 190 pre–COVID-19 era controls using VirScan revealed more than 800 epitopes in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome, including 10 epitopes likely recognized by neutralizing antibodies. Preexisting antibodies in controls recognized SARS-CoV-2 ORF1, whereas only COVID-19 patient antibodies primarily recognized spike protein and nucleoprotein. A machine learning model trained on VirScan data predicted SARS-CoV-2 exposure history with 99% sensitivity and 98% specificity; a rapid Luminex-based diagnostic was developed from the most discriminatory SARS-CoV-2 peptides. Individuals with more severe COVID-19 exhibited stronger and broader SARS-CoV-2 responses, weaker antibody responses to prior infections, and higher incidence of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus 1, possibly influenced by demographic covariates. Among hospitalized patients, males produce stronger SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses than females.

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