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Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour

We present a general framework which describes the systematic (binary) scenario of individuals either taking treatment or not for any reason, over the course of mass drug administration (MDA)—which we refer to as ‘adherence’ and ‘non-adherence’. The probability models developed can be informed by ob...

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Autores principales: Hardwick, Robert J., Truscott, James E., Oswald, William E., Werkman, Marleen, Halliday, Katherine E., Pullan, Rachel L., Anderson, Roy M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7857569/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33481780
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009112
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author Hardwick, Robert J.
Truscott, James E.
Oswald, William E.
Werkman, Marleen
Halliday, Katherine E.
Pullan, Rachel L.
Anderson, Roy M.
author_facet Hardwick, Robert J.
Truscott, James E.
Oswald, William E.
Werkman, Marleen
Halliday, Katherine E.
Pullan, Rachel L.
Anderson, Roy M.
author_sort Hardwick, Robert J.
collection PubMed
description We present a general framework which describes the systematic (binary) scenario of individuals either taking treatment or not for any reason, over the course of mass drug administration (MDA)—which we refer to as ‘adherence’ and ‘non-adherence’. The probability models developed can be informed by observed adherence behaviour as well as employed to explore how different patterns influence the impact of MDA programmes, by the use of mathematical models of transmission and control. We demonstrate the interpretative value of the developed probability model employing a dataset collected in the TUMIKIA project, a randomised trial of deworming strategies to control soil-transmitted helminths (STH) by MDA conducted in coastal Kenya. We stratify our analysis by age and sex, although the framework which we introduce here may be readily adapted to accommodate other stratifications. Our findings include the detection of specific patterns of non-adherence in all age groups to varying extents. This is particularly apparent in men of ages 30+. We then demonstrate the use of the probability model in stochastic individual-based simulations by running two example forecasts for the elimination of STH transmission employing MDA within the TUMIKIA trial setting with different adherence patterns. This suggested a substantial reduction in the probability of elimination (between 23-43%) when comparing observed adherence patterns with an assumption of independence, with important implications for programmes. The results here demonstrate the considerable impact and utility of considering non-adherence on the success of MDA programmes to control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs).
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spelling pubmed-78575692021-02-11 Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour Hardwick, Robert J. Truscott, James E. Oswald, William E. Werkman, Marleen Halliday, Katherine E. Pullan, Rachel L. Anderson, Roy M. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article We present a general framework which describes the systematic (binary) scenario of individuals either taking treatment or not for any reason, over the course of mass drug administration (MDA)—which we refer to as ‘adherence’ and ‘non-adherence’. The probability models developed can be informed by observed adherence behaviour as well as employed to explore how different patterns influence the impact of MDA programmes, by the use of mathematical models of transmission and control. We demonstrate the interpretative value of the developed probability model employing a dataset collected in the TUMIKIA project, a randomised trial of deworming strategies to control soil-transmitted helminths (STH) by MDA conducted in coastal Kenya. We stratify our analysis by age and sex, although the framework which we introduce here may be readily adapted to accommodate other stratifications. Our findings include the detection of specific patterns of non-adherence in all age groups to varying extents. This is particularly apparent in men of ages 30+. We then demonstrate the use of the probability model in stochastic individual-based simulations by running two example forecasts for the elimination of STH transmission employing MDA within the TUMIKIA trial setting with different adherence patterns. This suggested a substantial reduction in the probability of elimination (between 23-43%) when comparing observed adherence patterns with an assumption of independence, with important implications for programmes. The results here demonstrate the considerable impact and utility of considering non-adherence on the success of MDA programmes to control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Public Library of Science 2021-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7857569/ /pubmed/33481780 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009112 Text en © 2021 Hardwick et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hardwick, Robert J.
Truscott, James E.
Oswald, William E.
Werkman, Marleen
Halliday, Katherine E.
Pullan, Rachel L.
Anderson, Roy M.
Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour
title Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour
title_full Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour
title_fullStr Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour
title_full_unstemmed Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour
title_short Individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: A probability model conditional on past behaviour
title_sort individual adherence to mass drug administration in neglected tropical disease control: a probability model conditional on past behaviour
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7857569/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33481780
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009112
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