Cargando…
MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. These small, non-coding RNAs post-transcriptionally silence messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in a sequence-specific manner. In this way, miRNAs control important regulatory functions, also in the retina. If dysregulated, these molecules are invol...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7858257/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33553155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.620249 |
_version_ | 1783646614967025664 |
---|---|
author | Pawlick, Julia Sophie Zuzic, Marta Pasquini, Giovanni Swiersy, Anka Busskamp, Volker |
author_facet | Pawlick, Julia Sophie Zuzic, Marta Pasquini, Giovanni Swiersy, Anka Busskamp, Volker |
author_sort | Pawlick, Julia Sophie |
collection | PubMed |
description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. These small, non-coding RNAs post-transcriptionally silence messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in a sequence-specific manner. In this way, miRNAs control important regulatory functions, also in the retina. If dysregulated, these molecules are involved in several retinal pathologies. For example, several miRNAs have been linked to essential photoreceptor functions, including light sensitivity, synaptic transmission, and modulation of inflammatory responses. Mechanistic miRNA knockout and knockdown studies further linked their functions to degenerative retinal diseases. Of note, the type and timing of genetic manipulation before, during, or after retinal development, is important when studying specific miRNA knockout effects. Within this review, we focus on miR-124 and the miR-183/96/182 cluster, which have assigned functions in photoreceptors in health and disease. As a single miRNA can regulate hundreds of mRNAs, we will also discuss the experimental validation and manipulation approaches to study complex miRNA/mRNA regulatory networks. Revealing these networks is essential to understand retinal pathologies and to harness miRNAs as precise therapeutic and diagnostic tools to stabilize the photoreceptors’ transcriptomes and, thereby, function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7858257 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78582572021-02-05 MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors Pawlick, Julia Sophie Zuzic, Marta Pasquini, Giovanni Swiersy, Anka Busskamp, Volker Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. These small, non-coding RNAs post-transcriptionally silence messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in a sequence-specific manner. In this way, miRNAs control important regulatory functions, also in the retina. If dysregulated, these molecules are involved in several retinal pathologies. For example, several miRNAs have been linked to essential photoreceptor functions, including light sensitivity, synaptic transmission, and modulation of inflammatory responses. Mechanistic miRNA knockout and knockdown studies further linked their functions to degenerative retinal diseases. Of note, the type and timing of genetic manipulation before, during, or after retinal development, is important when studying specific miRNA knockout effects. Within this review, we focus on miR-124 and the miR-183/96/182 cluster, which have assigned functions in photoreceptors in health and disease. As a single miRNA can regulate hundreds of mRNAs, we will also discuss the experimental validation and manipulation approaches to study complex miRNA/mRNA regulatory networks. Revealing these networks is essential to understand retinal pathologies and to harness miRNAs as precise therapeutic and diagnostic tools to stabilize the photoreceptors’ transcriptomes and, thereby, function. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7858257/ /pubmed/33553155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.620249 Text en Copyright © 2021 Pawlick, Zuzic, Pasquini, Swiersy and Busskamp. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cell and Developmental Biology Pawlick, Julia Sophie Zuzic, Marta Pasquini, Giovanni Swiersy, Anka Busskamp, Volker MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors |
title | MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors |
title_full | MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors |
title_fullStr | MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors |
title_full_unstemmed | MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors |
title_short | MiRNA Regulatory Functions in Photoreceptors |
title_sort | mirna regulatory functions in photoreceptors |
topic | Cell and Developmental Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7858257/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33553155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.620249 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT pawlickjuliasophie mirnaregulatoryfunctionsinphotoreceptors AT zuzicmarta mirnaregulatoryfunctionsinphotoreceptors AT pasquinigiovanni mirnaregulatoryfunctionsinphotoreceptors AT swiersyanka mirnaregulatoryfunctionsinphotoreceptors AT busskampvolker mirnaregulatoryfunctionsinphotoreceptors |