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Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff
BACKGROUND: Hate crimes have raised in Spain and the gender and sexuality-based conflicts persist worldwide which leads to this problem having an effect on health and wellbeing. Following a focus of transforming Higher Education Institutions, this research analysed the problem that affects undergrad...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7860175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33541433 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00532-4 |
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author | Gallardo-Nieto, Elena María Gómez, Aitor Gairal-Casadó, Regina del Mar Ramis-Salas, María |
author_facet | Gallardo-Nieto, Elena María Gómez, Aitor Gairal-Casadó, Regina del Mar Ramis-Salas, María |
author_sort | Gallardo-Nieto, Elena María |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Hate crimes have raised in Spain and the gender and sexuality-based conflicts persist worldwide which leads to this problem having an effect on health and wellbeing. Following a focus of transforming Higher Education Institutions, this research analysed the problem that affects undergraduate students in six Spanish universities. The research goal is to improve the life quality of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex university students, breaking the silence that exists around the violence that this group suffer in Catalonia, Spain. METHODS: Following the Communicative Methodology, this study has identified violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression in the target universities and provided guidelines to improve anti-discrimination protocols. A qualitative method has reached experiences of university students, heads of equality commissions, professors and administrative staff regarding this conflict. Focussing on the qualitative research tools, 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with university students and staff around issues related to the violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual transgender, queer and intersex students: 1) perception of violence and discrimination, 2) institutional measures, 3) actions against violence. An analysis of exclusionary and transformative dimensions was used to identify emergent themes. RESULTS: We have identified two dimensions for the analysis given their impact in contributing or overcoming violence: exclusionary and transformative. A wide range of forms of violence on the grounds of sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression perpetrated at universities have been identified as exclusionary facts and described by participants in the study. Equality commissions have not received reports of violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression, and university staff shows certain unfamiliarity regarding the measures and politics to prevent and intervene in cases of violence against the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex community. Among the results identified as transformative are the ways through which actions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex groups against violence and the professors’ commitment to intervene have a relevant impact on student’s wellbeing. An improvement and implementation of anti-discrimination protocols with mandatory applicability has also been documented. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need of collecting more evidence that contributes to the improvement of protocols, measures and politics to protect all the members of the university community. A better understanding of violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression in HEI’s may guide national and international governments to improve the health and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex persons. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7860175 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78601752021-02-05 Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff Gallardo-Nieto, Elena María Gómez, Aitor Gairal-Casadó, Regina del Mar Ramis-Salas, María Arch Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Hate crimes have raised in Spain and the gender and sexuality-based conflicts persist worldwide which leads to this problem having an effect on health and wellbeing. Following a focus of transforming Higher Education Institutions, this research analysed the problem that affects undergraduate students in six Spanish universities. The research goal is to improve the life quality of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex university students, breaking the silence that exists around the violence that this group suffer in Catalonia, Spain. METHODS: Following the Communicative Methodology, this study has identified violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression in the target universities and provided guidelines to improve anti-discrimination protocols. A qualitative method has reached experiences of university students, heads of equality commissions, professors and administrative staff regarding this conflict. Focussing on the qualitative research tools, 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with university students and staff around issues related to the violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual transgender, queer and intersex students: 1) perception of violence and discrimination, 2) institutional measures, 3) actions against violence. An analysis of exclusionary and transformative dimensions was used to identify emergent themes. RESULTS: We have identified two dimensions for the analysis given their impact in contributing or overcoming violence: exclusionary and transformative. A wide range of forms of violence on the grounds of sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression perpetrated at universities have been identified as exclusionary facts and described by participants in the study. Equality commissions have not received reports of violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression, and university staff shows certain unfamiliarity regarding the measures and politics to prevent and intervene in cases of violence against the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex community. Among the results identified as transformative are the ways through which actions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex groups against violence and the professors’ commitment to intervene have a relevant impact on student’s wellbeing. An improvement and implementation of anti-discrimination protocols with mandatory applicability has also been documented. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need of collecting more evidence that contributes to the improvement of protocols, measures and politics to protect all the members of the university community. A better understanding of violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression in HEI’s may guide national and international governments to improve the health and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex persons. BioMed Central 2021-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7860175/ /pubmed/33541433 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00532-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Gallardo-Nieto, Elena María Gómez, Aitor Gairal-Casadó, Regina del Mar Ramis-Salas, María Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
title | Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
title_full | Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
title_fullStr | Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
title_full_unstemmed | Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
title_short | Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in Catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
title_sort | sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression-based violence in catalan universities: qualitative findings from university students and staff |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7860175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33541433 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00532-4 |
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