Adaptation of the Young Adults’ Cigarette Dependence (YACD) Scale for the development and validation of the Adolescent Cigarette Dependence Scale (ACDS)

Vulnerable adolescents may lose control over cigarette use within a day or two after smoking their first cigarette, as nicotine dependence (ND) symptoms may appear before actual daily smoking and usually occur at low levels of daily smoking. Moreover, smoking can cause illnesses and promote other ty...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hallit, Souheil, Obeid, Sahar, Sacre, Hala, Akel, Marwan, Khoury, Alessandro, Salameh, Pascale
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Materias:
Research Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7861582/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33543440
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12667-6

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7861582/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33543440
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12667-6

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