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Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Lassa fever (LF) is a zoonotic infectious disease of public concern in Nigeria. The infection dynamics of the disease is not well elucidated in Nigeria. This study was carried out to describe the pattern of infection, case fatality rate and spread of lassa virus (LASV) from 2017 to 2020....

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Autores principales: Yaro, Clement Ameh, Kogi, Ezekiel, Opara, Kenneth Nnamdi, Batiha, Gaber El-Saber, Baty, Roua S., Albrakati, Ashraf, Altalbawy, Farag M. A., Etuh, Innocent Utenwojo, Oni, James Paul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7863503/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33546623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05837-x
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author Yaro, Clement Ameh
Kogi, Ezekiel
Opara, Kenneth Nnamdi
Batiha, Gaber El-Saber
Baty, Roua S.
Albrakati, Ashraf
Altalbawy, Farag M. A.
Etuh, Innocent Utenwojo
Oni, James Paul
author_facet Yaro, Clement Ameh
Kogi, Ezekiel
Opara, Kenneth Nnamdi
Batiha, Gaber El-Saber
Baty, Roua S.
Albrakati, Ashraf
Altalbawy, Farag M. A.
Etuh, Innocent Utenwojo
Oni, James Paul
author_sort Yaro, Clement Ameh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Lassa fever (LF) is a zoonotic infectious disease of public concern in Nigeria. The infection dynamics of the disease is not well elucidated in Nigeria. This study was carried out to describe the pattern of infection, case fatality rate and spread of lassa virus (LASV) from 2017 to 2020. METHODS: Weekly epidemiological data on LF from December, 2016 to September, 2020 were obtained from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. The number of confirmed cases and deaths were computed according to months and states. Descriptive statistics was performed and case fatality rate was calculated. Distribution and spread maps of LF over the four years period was performed on ArcMap 10.7. RESULTS: A total of 2787 confirmed cases and 516 deaths were reported in Nigeria from December, 2016 to September, 2020. Increase in number of cases and deaths were observed with 298, 528, 796 and 1165 confirmed cases and 79, 125, 158 and 158 deaths in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. Over 60% of the cases were reported in two states, Edo and Ondo states. The LF cases spread from 19 states in 2017 to 32 states and Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in 2020. Ondo state (25.39%) had the highest of deaths rate from LF over the four years. Case fatality rate (CFR) of LF was highest in 2017 (26.5%) with CFR of 23.7, 19.6 and 13.4% in 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. The peak of infection was in the month of February for the four years. Infections increases at the onset of dry season in November and decline till April when the wet season sets-in. CONCLUSION: There is an annual increase in the number of LASV infection across the states in Nigeria. There is need to heighten control strategies through the use of integrated approach, ranging from vector control, health education and early diagnosis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-05837-x.
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spelling pubmed-78635032021-02-05 Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria Yaro, Clement Ameh Kogi, Ezekiel Opara, Kenneth Nnamdi Batiha, Gaber El-Saber Baty, Roua S. Albrakati, Ashraf Altalbawy, Farag M. A. Etuh, Innocent Utenwojo Oni, James Paul BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Lassa fever (LF) is a zoonotic infectious disease of public concern in Nigeria. The infection dynamics of the disease is not well elucidated in Nigeria. This study was carried out to describe the pattern of infection, case fatality rate and spread of lassa virus (LASV) from 2017 to 2020. METHODS: Weekly epidemiological data on LF from December, 2016 to September, 2020 were obtained from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. The number of confirmed cases and deaths were computed according to months and states. Descriptive statistics was performed and case fatality rate was calculated. Distribution and spread maps of LF over the four years period was performed on ArcMap 10.7. RESULTS: A total of 2787 confirmed cases and 516 deaths were reported in Nigeria from December, 2016 to September, 2020. Increase in number of cases and deaths were observed with 298, 528, 796 and 1165 confirmed cases and 79, 125, 158 and 158 deaths in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. Over 60% of the cases were reported in two states, Edo and Ondo states. The LF cases spread from 19 states in 2017 to 32 states and Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in 2020. Ondo state (25.39%) had the highest of deaths rate from LF over the four years. Case fatality rate (CFR) of LF was highest in 2017 (26.5%) with CFR of 23.7, 19.6 and 13.4% in 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. The peak of infection was in the month of February for the four years. Infections increases at the onset of dry season in November and decline till April when the wet season sets-in. CONCLUSION: There is an annual increase in the number of LASV infection across the states in Nigeria. There is need to heighten control strategies through the use of integrated approach, ranging from vector control, health education and early diagnosis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-05837-x. BioMed Central 2021-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7863503/ /pubmed/33546623 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05837-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Yaro, Clement Ameh
Kogi, Ezekiel
Opara, Kenneth Nnamdi
Batiha, Gaber El-Saber
Baty, Roua S.
Albrakati, Ashraf
Altalbawy, Farag M. A.
Etuh, Innocent Utenwojo
Oni, James Paul
Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria
title Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria
title_full Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria
title_fullStr Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria
title_short Infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of Lassa virus in Nigeria
title_sort infection pattern, case fatality rate and spread of lassa virus in nigeria
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7863503/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33546623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05837-x
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