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Brain changes in depression

The present review addresses major depressive disorder (MDD) and the implications of antidepressant treatment in the field of brain neuroplasticity, an effect initially considered adjacent but currently passed as central in the process of remission of MDD. Both in experimental animal studies and in...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Trifu, Simona Corina, Trifu, Arina Cipriana, Aluaş, Ecaterina, Tătaru, Mihai Alexandru, Costea, Radu Virgil
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7864313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33544788
http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.61.2.06
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author Trifu, Simona Corina
Trifu, Arina Cipriana
Aluaş, Ecaterina
Tătaru, Mihai Alexandru
Costea, Radu Virgil
author_facet Trifu, Simona Corina
Trifu, Arina Cipriana
Aluaş, Ecaterina
Tătaru, Mihai Alexandru
Costea, Radu Virgil
author_sort Trifu, Simona Corina
collection PubMed
description The present review addresses major depressive disorder (MDD) and the implications of antidepressant treatment in the field of brain neuroplasticity, an effect initially considered adjacent but currently passed as central in the process of remission of MDD. Both in experimental animal studies and in human studies in subjects with mood disorders, neuroplasticity is considered the fundamental mechanism of neural defense against stress. Stress is the mediator between neurofunctional, neuroendocrine, neurobiological and neuroimmune disorders and depressive pathology of various intensities. Neurons have a high potential to adapt to the influences of internal and external factors. We are talking about neuroplasticity at different levels: structural neuroplasticity involving adult neurogenesis (such as plastic changes, dendritic reconstruction, when the morphology of the spine is affected); synaptic functional neuroplasticity and molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. These two major dimensions explain the pathophysiology of depression, as well as the convergence of the mechanisms involved in stress, major depressive decompensations, and the concept of neuroplasticity as the present target for new effective and potent antidepressant treatments.
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spelling pubmed-78643132021-02-08 Brain changes in depression Trifu, Simona Corina Trifu, Arina Cipriana Aluaş, Ecaterina Tătaru, Mihai Alexandru Costea, Radu Virgil Rom J Morphol Embryol Review The present review addresses major depressive disorder (MDD) and the implications of antidepressant treatment in the field of brain neuroplasticity, an effect initially considered adjacent but currently passed as central in the process of remission of MDD. Both in experimental animal studies and in human studies in subjects with mood disorders, neuroplasticity is considered the fundamental mechanism of neural defense against stress. Stress is the mediator between neurofunctional, neuroendocrine, neurobiological and neuroimmune disorders and depressive pathology of various intensities. Neurons have a high potential to adapt to the influences of internal and external factors. We are talking about neuroplasticity at different levels: structural neuroplasticity involving adult neurogenesis (such as plastic changes, dendritic reconstruction, when the morphology of the spine is affected); synaptic functional neuroplasticity and molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. These two major dimensions explain the pathophysiology of depression, as well as the convergence of the mechanisms involved in stress, major depressive decompensations, and the concept of neuroplasticity as the present target for new effective and potent antidepressant treatments. Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest 2020 2020-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7864313/ /pubmed/33544788 http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.61.2.06 Text en Copyright © 2020, Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which permits unrestricted use, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium, non-commercially, provided the new creations are licensed under identical terms as the original work and the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Trifu, Simona Corina
Trifu, Arina Cipriana
Aluaş, Ecaterina
Tătaru, Mihai Alexandru
Costea, Radu Virgil
Brain changes in depression
title Brain changes in depression
title_full Brain changes in depression
title_fullStr Brain changes in depression
title_full_unstemmed Brain changes in depression
title_short Brain changes in depression
title_sort brain changes in depression
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7864313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33544788
http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.61.2.06
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