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Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme
This paper proposes a joint encryption and screen-cam robust watermarking scheme. This method combines the advantages of smartphone, encryption and watermarking technologies, thereby achieving watermark extraction with a smartphone, partial decryption and tracking leakage from sneak shots. We design...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7864352/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498582 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030701 |
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author | Chen, Weitong Ren, Na Zhu, Changqing Keskinarkaus, Anja Seppänen, Tapio Zhou, Qifei |
author_facet | Chen, Weitong Ren, Na Zhu, Changqing Keskinarkaus, Anja Seppänen, Tapio Zhou, Qifei |
author_sort | Chen, Weitong |
collection | PubMed |
description | This paper proposes a joint encryption and screen-cam robust watermarking scheme. This method combines the advantages of smartphone, encryption and watermarking technologies, thereby achieving watermark extraction with a smartphone, partial decryption and tracking leakage from sneak shots. We design a dual watermarking algorithm to achieve watermark detection from both encrypted and decrypted images. First, a watermark is embedded in the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) domain to enable leakage tracking. Then, a second watermark is generated based on QR (Quick response) code encoding and inverse DFT to achieve high watermark capacity and error correction ability, where the secret key for decryption is included in the watermark message. By hiding this message carrying the watermark for the encrypted image in the changes caused by embedding the first watermark, we can improve imperceptibility and will not affect the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Finally, to enhance the robustness of watermark after encryption, a chaotic mapping-based segment encryption algorithm is proposed. In the process of watermark detection, to cope with perspective correction, a frame locating based algorithm is employed to achieve watermark synchronization from a recaptured picture of the encrypted image. Considering the severe quality degradation, we use a noise component and local statistic feature-based method to extract the message bits. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is secure, and highly robust, to screen-cam the process for both before and after decryption. Additionally, after decryption, the proposed scheme also has high robustness against common image processing attacks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7864352 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78643522021-02-06 Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme Chen, Weitong Ren, Na Zhu, Changqing Keskinarkaus, Anja Seppänen, Tapio Zhou, Qifei Sensors (Basel) Article This paper proposes a joint encryption and screen-cam robust watermarking scheme. This method combines the advantages of smartphone, encryption and watermarking technologies, thereby achieving watermark extraction with a smartphone, partial decryption and tracking leakage from sneak shots. We design a dual watermarking algorithm to achieve watermark detection from both encrypted and decrypted images. First, a watermark is embedded in the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) domain to enable leakage tracking. Then, a second watermark is generated based on QR (Quick response) code encoding and inverse DFT to achieve high watermark capacity and error correction ability, where the secret key for decryption is included in the watermark message. By hiding this message carrying the watermark for the encrypted image in the changes caused by embedding the first watermark, we can improve imperceptibility and will not affect the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Finally, to enhance the robustness of watermark after encryption, a chaotic mapping-based segment encryption algorithm is proposed. In the process of watermark detection, to cope with perspective correction, a frame locating based algorithm is employed to achieve watermark synchronization from a recaptured picture of the encrypted image. Considering the severe quality degradation, we use a noise component and local statistic feature-based method to extract the message bits. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is secure, and highly robust, to screen-cam the process for both before and after decryption. Additionally, after decryption, the proposed scheme also has high robustness against common image processing attacks. MDPI 2021-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7864352/ /pubmed/33498582 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030701 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chen, Weitong Ren, Na Zhu, Changqing Keskinarkaus, Anja Seppänen, Tapio Zhou, Qifei Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme |
title | Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme |
title_full | Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme |
title_fullStr | Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme |
title_full_unstemmed | Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme |
title_short | Joint Image Encryption and Screen-Cam Robust Two Watermarking Scheme |
title_sort | joint image encryption and screen-cam robust two watermarking scheme |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7864352/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498582 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030701 |
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