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Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging
ABSTRACT: Whole-body Patlak images can be obtained from an acquisition of first 6 min of dynamic imaging over the heart to obtain the arterial input function (IF), followed by multiple whole-body sweeps up to 60 min pi. The use of a population-averaged IF (PIF) could exclude the first dynamic scan a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7865035/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33547518 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-021-00357-8 |
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author | van Sluis, Joyce Yaqub, Maqsood Brouwers, Adrienne H. Dierckx, Rudi A. J. O. Noordzij, Walter Boellaard, Ronald |
author_facet | van Sluis, Joyce Yaqub, Maqsood Brouwers, Adrienne H. Dierckx, Rudi A. J. O. Noordzij, Walter Boellaard, Ronald |
author_sort | van Sluis, Joyce |
collection | PubMed |
description | ABSTRACT: Whole-body Patlak images can be obtained from an acquisition of first 6 min of dynamic imaging over the heart to obtain the arterial input function (IF), followed by multiple whole-body sweeps up to 60 min pi. The use of a population-averaged IF (PIF) could exclude the first dynamic scan and minimize whole-body sweeps to 30–60 min pi. Here, the effects of (incorrect) PIFs on the accuracy of the proposed Patlak method were assessed. In addition, the extent of mitigating these biases through rescaling of the PIF to image-derived IF values at 30–60 min pi was evaluated. METHODS: Using a representative IF and rate constants from the literature, various tumour time-activity curves (TACs) were simulated. Variations included multiplication of the IF with a positive and negative gradual linear bias over 60 min of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% (generating TACs using an IF different from the PIF); use of rate constants (K(1), k(3), and both K(1) and k(2)) multiplied by 2, 1.5, and 0.75; and addition of noise (μ = 0 and σ = 5, 10 and 15%). Subsequent Patlak analysis using the original IF (representing the PIF) was used to obtain the influx constant (K(i)) for the differently simulated TACs. Next, the PIF was scaled towards the (simulated) IF value using the 30–60-min pi time interval, simulating scaling of the PIF to image-derived values. Influence of variabilities in IF and rate constants, and rescaling the PIF on bias in K(i) was evaluated. RESULTS: Percentage bias in K(i) observed using simulated modified IFs varied from − 16 to 16% depending on the simulated amplitude and direction of the IF modifications. Subsequent scaling of the PIF reduced these K(i) biases in most cases (287 out of 290) to < 5%. CONCLUSIONS: Simulations suggest that scaling of a (possibly incorrect) PIF to IF values seen in whole-body dynamic imaging from 30 to 60 min pi can provide accurate Ki estimates. Consequently, dynamic Patlak imaging protocols may be performed for 30–60 min pi making whole-body Patlak imaging clinically feasible. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7865035 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78650352021-02-16 Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging van Sluis, Joyce Yaqub, Maqsood Brouwers, Adrienne H. Dierckx, Rudi A. J. O. Noordzij, Walter Boellaard, Ronald EJNMMI Phys Short Communication ABSTRACT: Whole-body Patlak images can be obtained from an acquisition of first 6 min of dynamic imaging over the heart to obtain the arterial input function (IF), followed by multiple whole-body sweeps up to 60 min pi. The use of a population-averaged IF (PIF) could exclude the first dynamic scan and minimize whole-body sweeps to 30–60 min pi. Here, the effects of (incorrect) PIFs on the accuracy of the proposed Patlak method were assessed. In addition, the extent of mitigating these biases through rescaling of the PIF to image-derived IF values at 30–60 min pi was evaluated. METHODS: Using a representative IF and rate constants from the literature, various tumour time-activity curves (TACs) were simulated. Variations included multiplication of the IF with a positive and negative gradual linear bias over 60 min of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% (generating TACs using an IF different from the PIF); use of rate constants (K(1), k(3), and both K(1) and k(2)) multiplied by 2, 1.5, and 0.75; and addition of noise (μ = 0 and σ = 5, 10 and 15%). Subsequent Patlak analysis using the original IF (representing the PIF) was used to obtain the influx constant (K(i)) for the differently simulated TACs. Next, the PIF was scaled towards the (simulated) IF value using the 30–60-min pi time interval, simulating scaling of the PIF to image-derived values. Influence of variabilities in IF and rate constants, and rescaling the PIF on bias in K(i) was evaluated. RESULTS: Percentage bias in K(i) observed using simulated modified IFs varied from − 16 to 16% depending on the simulated amplitude and direction of the IF modifications. Subsequent scaling of the PIF reduced these K(i) biases in most cases (287 out of 290) to < 5%. CONCLUSIONS: Simulations suggest that scaling of a (possibly incorrect) PIF to IF values seen in whole-body dynamic imaging from 30 to 60 min pi can provide accurate Ki estimates. Consequently, dynamic Patlak imaging protocols may be performed for 30–60 min pi making whole-body Patlak imaging clinically feasible. Springer International Publishing 2021-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7865035/ /pubmed/33547518 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-021-00357-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Short Communication van Sluis, Joyce Yaqub, Maqsood Brouwers, Adrienne H. Dierckx, Rudi A. J. O. Noordzij, Walter Boellaard, Ronald Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging |
title | Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging |
title_full | Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging |
title_fullStr | Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging |
title_full_unstemmed | Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging |
title_short | Use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body Patlak (18)F-FDG PET imaging |
title_sort | use of population input functions for reduced scan duration whole-body patlak (18)f-fdg pet imaging |
topic | Short Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7865035/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33547518 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-021-00357-8 |
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