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Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood
Amikacin (Amk) analysis and quantitation, for pharmacokinetics studies and other types of investigations, is conventionally performed after extraction from plasma. No report exists so far regarding drug extraction from whole blood (WB). This can represent an issue since quantification in plasma does...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7865403/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030665 |
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author | Sardella, Roccaldo Xiroudaki, Styliani Mercolini, Laura Sabbatini, Samuele Monari, Claudia Perito, Stefano Ianni, Federica Vecchiarelli, Anna Giovagnoli, Stefano |
author_facet | Sardella, Roccaldo Xiroudaki, Styliani Mercolini, Laura Sabbatini, Samuele Monari, Claudia Perito, Stefano Ianni, Federica Vecchiarelli, Anna Giovagnoli, Stefano |
author_sort | Sardella, Roccaldo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Amikacin (Amk) analysis and quantitation, for pharmacokinetics studies and other types of investigations, is conventionally performed after extraction from plasma. No report exists so far regarding drug extraction from whole blood (WB). This can represent an issue since quantification in plasma does not account for drug partitioning to the blood cell compartment, significantly underrating the drug fraction reaching the blood circulation. In the present work, the optimization of an extraction method of Amk from murine WB has been described. The extraction yield was measured by RP-HPLC-UV after derivatization with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, which produced an appreciably stable derivative with a favorable UV/vis absorption. Several extraction conditions were tested: spiked Amk disulfate solution/acetonitrile/WB ratio; presence of organic acids and/or ammonium hydroxide and/or ammonium acetate in the extraction mixture; re-dissolution of the supernatant in water after a drying process under vacuum; treatment of the supernatant with a solution of inorganic salts. The use of 5% (by volume) of ammonium hydroxide in a hydro-organic solution with acetonitrile, allowed the almost quantitative (95%) extraction of the drug from WB. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7865403 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78654032021-02-07 Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood Sardella, Roccaldo Xiroudaki, Styliani Mercolini, Laura Sabbatini, Samuele Monari, Claudia Perito, Stefano Ianni, Federica Vecchiarelli, Anna Giovagnoli, Stefano Molecules Communication Amikacin (Amk) analysis and quantitation, for pharmacokinetics studies and other types of investigations, is conventionally performed after extraction from plasma. No report exists so far regarding drug extraction from whole blood (WB). This can represent an issue since quantification in plasma does not account for drug partitioning to the blood cell compartment, significantly underrating the drug fraction reaching the blood circulation. In the present work, the optimization of an extraction method of Amk from murine WB has been described. The extraction yield was measured by RP-HPLC-UV after derivatization with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, which produced an appreciably stable derivative with a favorable UV/vis absorption. Several extraction conditions were tested: spiked Amk disulfate solution/acetonitrile/WB ratio; presence of organic acids and/or ammonium hydroxide and/or ammonium acetate in the extraction mixture; re-dissolution of the supernatant in water after a drying process under vacuum; treatment of the supernatant with a solution of inorganic salts. The use of 5% (by volume) of ammonium hydroxide in a hydro-organic solution with acetonitrile, allowed the almost quantitative (95%) extraction of the drug from WB. MDPI 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7865403/ /pubmed/33513993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030665 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Sardella, Roccaldo Xiroudaki, Styliani Mercolini, Laura Sabbatini, Samuele Monari, Claudia Perito, Stefano Ianni, Federica Vecchiarelli, Anna Giovagnoli, Stefano Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood |
title | Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood |
title_full | Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood |
title_fullStr | Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood |
title_short | Optimized Extraction of Amikacin from Murine Whole Blood |
title_sort | optimized extraction of amikacin from murine whole blood |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7865403/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030665 |
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