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Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ
Background: Magnesium deficiency contributes to atherogenesis partly by promoting the dysfunction of endothelial cells, which are critical in vascular homeostasis and diseases. Since EDF-1 and PPARγ regulate crucial endothelial activities, we investigated the modulation of these proteins involved in...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7865876/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33494333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031050 |
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author | Locatelli, Laura Fedele, Giorgia Castiglioni, Sara Maier, Jeanette A. |
author_facet | Locatelli, Laura Fedele, Giorgia Castiglioni, Sara Maier, Jeanette A. |
author_sort | Locatelli, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Magnesium deficiency contributes to atherogenesis partly by promoting the dysfunction of endothelial cells, which are critical in vascular homeostasis and diseases. Since EDF-1 and PPARγ regulate crucial endothelial activities, we investigated the modulation of these proteins involved in lipogenesis as well the deposition of lipids in human endothelial cells cultured in different concentrations of magnesium. Methods: Human endothelial cells from the umbilical vein were cultured in medium containing from 0.1 to 5 mM magnesium for 24 h. The levels of EDF-1 and PPARγ were visualized by Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by DCFDA. Lipids were detected after O Red Oil staining. Results: Magnesium deficiency leads to the accumulation of ROS which upregulate EDF-1. Further, PPARγ is increased after culture in low magnesium, but independently from ROS. Moreover, lipids accumulate in magnesium-deficient cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that magnesium deficiency leads to the deposition of lipids by inducing EDF-1 and PPARγ. The increase in intracellular lipids might be interpreted as an adaptive response of endothelial cells to magnesium deficiency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7865876 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78658762021-02-07 Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ Locatelli, Laura Fedele, Giorgia Castiglioni, Sara Maier, Jeanette A. Int J Mol Sci Article Background: Magnesium deficiency contributes to atherogenesis partly by promoting the dysfunction of endothelial cells, which are critical in vascular homeostasis and diseases. Since EDF-1 and PPARγ regulate crucial endothelial activities, we investigated the modulation of these proteins involved in lipogenesis as well the deposition of lipids in human endothelial cells cultured in different concentrations of magnesium. Methods: Human endothelial cells from the umbilical vein were cultured in medium containing from 0.1 to 5 mM magnesium for 24 h. The levels of EDF-1 and PPARγ were visualized by Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by DCFDA. Lipids were detected after O Red Oil staining. Results: Magnesium deficiency leads to the accumulation of ROS which upregulate EDF-1. Further, PPARγ is increased after culture in low magnesium, but independently from ROS. Moreover, lipids accumulate in magnesium-deficient cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that magnesium deficiency leads to the deposition of lipids by inducing EDF-1 and PPARγ. The increase in intracellular lipids might be interpreted as an adaptive response of endothelial cells to magnesium deficiency. MDPI 2021-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7865876/ /pubmed/33494333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031050 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Locatelli, Laura Fedele, Giorgia Castiglioni, Sara Maier, Jeanette A. Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ |
title | Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ |
title_full | Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ |
title_fullStr | Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ |
title_full_unstemmed | Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ |
title_short | Magnesium Deficiency Induces Lipid Accumulation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via Oxidative Stress—The Potential Contribution of EDF-1 and PPARγ |
title_sort | magnesium deficiency induces lipid accumulation in vascular endothelial cells via oxidative stress—the potential contribution of edf-1 and pparγ |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7865876/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33494333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031050 |
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