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Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock

Unlike in most eukaryotic cells, the genetic information of budding yeast in the exponential growth phase is only present in the form of decondensed chromatin, a configuration that does not allow its visualization in cell nuclei conventionally prepared for transmission electron microscopy. In this w...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Thelen, Nicolas, Defourny, Jean, Lafontaine, Denis L. J., Thiry, Marc
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498839
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031132
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author Thelen, Nicolas
Defourny, Jean
Lafontaine, Denis L. J.
Thiry, Marc
author_facet Thelen, Nicolas
Defourny, Jean
Lafontaine, Denis L. J.
Thiry, Marc
author_sort Thelen, Nicolas
collection PubMed
description Unlike in most eukaryotic cells, the genetic information of budding yeast in the exponential growth phase is only present in the form of decondensed chromatin, a configuration that does not allow its visualization in cell nuclei conventionally prepared for transmission electron microscopy. In this work, we studied the distribution of chromatin and its relationships to the nucleolus using different cytochemical and immunocytological approaches applied to yeast cells subjected to hyperosmotic shock. Our results show that osmotic shock induces the formation of heterochromatin patches in the nucleoplasm and intranucleolar regions of the yeast nucleus. In the nucleolus, we further revealed the presence of osmotic shock-resistant DNA in the fibrillar cords which, in places, take on a pinnate appearance reminiscent of ribosomal genes in active transcription as observed after molecular spreading (“Christmas trees”). We also identified chromatin-associated granules whose size, composition and behaviour after osmotic shock are reminiscent of that of mammalian perichromatin granules. Altogether, these data reveal that it is possible to visualize heterochromatin in yeast and suggest that the yeast nucleus displays a less-effective compartmentalized organization than that of mammals.
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spelling pubmed-78660362021-02-07 Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock Thelen, Nicolas Defourny, Jean Lafontaine, Denis L. J. Thiry, Marc Int J Mol Sci Article Unlike in most eukaryotic cells, the genetic information of budding yeast in the exponential growth phase is only present in the form of decondensed chromatin, a configuration that does not allow its visualization in cell nuclei conventionally prepared for transmission electron microscopy. In this work, we studied the distribution of chromatin and its relationships to the nucleolus using different cytochemical and immunocytological approaches applied to yeast cells subjected to hyperosmotic shock. Our results show that osmotic shock induces the formation of heterochromatin patches in the nucleoplasm and intranucleolar regions of the yeast nucleus. In the nucleolus, we further revealed the presence of osmotic shock-resistant DNA in the fibrillar cords which, in places, take on a pinnate appearance reminiscent of ribosomal genes in active transcription as observed after molecular spreading (“Christmas trees”). We also identified chromatin-associated granules whose size, composition and behaviour after osmotic shock are reminiscent of that of mammalian perichromatin granules. Altogether, these data reveal that it is possible to visualize heterochromatin in yeast and suggest that the yeast nucleus displays a less-effective compartmentalized organization than that of mammals. MDPI 2021-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7866036/ /pubmed/33498839 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031132 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Thelen, Nicolas
Defourny, Jean
Lafontaine, Denis L. J.
Thiry, Marc
Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock
title Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock
title_full Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock
title_fullStr Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock
title_full_unstemmed Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock
title_short Visualization of Chromatin in the Yeast Nucleus and Nucleolus Using Hyperosmotic Shock
title_sort visualization of chromatin in the yeast nucleus and nucleolus using hyperosmotic shock
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498839
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031132
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