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Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now?
Melanomas arising at uncommon sites include a group of lesions related to unusual localizations in specific ethnic groups. The rarity of the disease often represents a limit to the participation of patients in specific trials. However, this peculiar genetic scenario has important therapeutic implica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866093/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33525348 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030478 |
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author | Dika, Emi Lambertini, Martina Pellegrini, Cristina Veronesi, Giulia Melotti, Barbara Riefolo, Mattia Sperandi, Francesca Patrizi, Annalisa Ricci, Costantino Mussi, Martina Fargnoli, Maria Concetta |
author_facet | Dika, Emi Lambertini, Martina Pellegrini, Cristina Veronesi, Giulia Melotti, Barbara Riefolo, Mattia Sperandi, Francesca Patrizi, Annalisa Ricci, Costantino Mussi, Martina Fargnoli, Maria Concetta |
author_sort | Dika, Emi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Melanomas arising at uncommon sites include a group of lesions related to unusual localizations in specific ethnic groups. The rarity of the disease often represents a limit to the participation of patients in specific trials. However, this peculiar genetic scenario has important therapeutic implications regarding new oncologic therapies. The aim of this article is to review the clinical features, somatic alterations and therapeutic options for melanomas of uncommon sites. They can be classified as cutaneous and mucosal lesions affecting the nail apparatus, palms/soles, oral mucosa, genital area and scalp. The prognosis may be worse compared to melanomas of other districts, and a prompt diagnosis may dramatically influence the outcome. Dermatologists and oncologists should therefore distinguish this melanoma subgroup in terms of surgical intervention and medical treatment. Due to the lack of mutations in genes usually found in cutaneous melanomas, the discovery of novel targets is required to develop new strategies and to change the prognosis of non-responders or wild-type patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7866093 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78660932021-02-07 Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? Dika, Emi Lambertini, Martina Pellegrini, Cristina Veronesi, Giulia Melotti, Barbara Riefolo, Mattia Sperandi, Francesca Patrizi, Annalisa Ricci, Costantino Mussi, Martina Fargnoli, Maria Concetta J Clin Med Review Melanomas arising at uncommon sites include a group of lesions related to unusual localizations in specific ethnic groups. The rarity of the disease often represents a limit to the participation of patients in specific trials. However, this peculiar genetic scenario has important therapeutic implications regarding new oncologic therapies. The aim of this article is to review the clinical features, somatic alterations and therapeutic options for melanomas of uncommon sites. They can be classified as cutaneous and mucosal lesions affecting the nail apparatus, palms/soles, oral mucosa, genital area and scalp. The prognosis may be worse compared to melanomas of other districts, and a prompt diagnosis may dramatically influence the outcome. Dermatologists and oncologists should therefore distinguish this melanoma subgroup in terms of surgical intervention and medical treatment. Due to the lack of mutations in genes usually found in cutaneous melanomas, the discovery of novel targets is required to develop new strategies and to change the prognosis of non-responders or wild-type patients. MDPI 2021-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7866093/ /pubmed/33525348 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030478 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Dika, Emi Lambertini, Martina Pellegrini, Cristina Veronesi, Giulia Melotti, Barbara Riefolo, Mattia Sperandi, Francesca Patrizi, Annalisa Ricci, Costantino Mussi, Martina Fargnoli, Maria Concetta Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? |
title | Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? |
title_full | Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? |
title_fullStr | Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? |
title_full_unstemmed | Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? |
title_short | Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now? |
title_sort | cutaneous and mucosal melanomas of uncommon sites: where do we stand now? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866093/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33525348 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030478 |
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