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Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease
The harmonic structure of walking relies on an irrational number called the golden ratio (ϕ): in healthy subjects, it coincides with the stride-to-stance ratio, and it is associated with a smooth gait modality. This smoothness is lost in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), due to deficiencies in t...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866385/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33573043 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030911 |
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author | Belluscio, Valeria Iosa, Marco Vannozzi, Giuseppe Paravati, Stefano Peppe, Antonella |
author_facet | Belluscio, Valeria Iosa, Marco Vannozzi, Giuseppe Paravati, Stefano Peppe, Antonella |
author_sort | Belluscio, Valeria |
collection | PubMed |
description | The harmonic structure of walking relies on an irrational number called the golden ratio (ϕ): in healthy subjects, it coincides with the stride-to-stance ratio, and it is associated with a smooth gait modality. This smoothness is lost in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), due to deficiencies in the execution of movements. However, external auditory cues seem to facilitate movement, by enabling the timing of muscle activation, and helping in initiating and modulating motor output. Based on a harmonic fractal structure of gait, can the administration of an auditory cue based on individual’s ϕ-rhythm improve, in acute, gait patterns in people with PD? A total of 20 participants (16 males, age 70.9 ± 8.4 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage-II) were assessed through stereophotogrammetry: gait spatio-temporal parameters, and stride-to-stance ratio were computed before, during, and after the ϕ-rhythm administration. Results show improvements in terms of stride length (p = 0.018), walking speed (p = 0.014), and toe clearance (p = 0.013) when comparing gait patterns before and after the stimulus. Furthermore, the stride-to-stance ratio seems to correlate with almost all spatio-temporal parameters, but it shows the main changes in the before–during rhythm comparison. In conclusion, ϕ-rhythm seems an effective cue able to compensate for defective internal rhythm of the basal ganglia in PD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7866385 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78663852021-02-07 Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease Belluscio, Valeria Iosa, Marco Vannozzi, Giuseppe Paravati, Stefano Peppe, Antonella Sensors (Basel) Article The harmonic structure of walking relies on an irrational number called the golden ratio (ϕ): in healthy subjects, it coincides with the stride-to-stance ratio, and it is associated with a smooth gait modality. This smoothness is lost in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), due to deficiencies in the execution of movements. However, external auditory cues seem to facilitate movement, by enabling the timing of muscle activation, and helping in initiating and modulating motor output. Based on a harmonic fractal structure of gait, can the administration of an auditory cue based on individual’s ϕ-rhythm improve, in acute, gait patterns in people with PD? A total of 20 participants (16 males, age 70.9 ± 8.4 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage-II) were assessed through stereophotogrammetry: gait spatio-temporal parameters, and stride-to-stance ratio were computed before, during, and after the ϕ-rhythm administration. Results show improvements in terms of stride length (p = 0.018), walking speed (p = 0.014), and toe clearance (p = 0.013) when comparing gait patterns before and after the stimulus. Furthermore, the stride-to-stance ratio seems to correlate with almost all spatio-temporal parameters, but it shows the main changes in the before–during rhythm comparison. In conclusion, ϕ-rhythm seems an effective cue able to compensate for defective internal rhythm of the basal ganglia in PD. MDPI 2021-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7866385/ /pubmed/33573043 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030911 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Belluscio, Valeria Iosa, Marco Vannozzi, Giuseppe Paravati, Stefano Peppe, Antonella Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease |
title | Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | Auditory Cue Based on the Golden Ratio Can Improve Gait Patterns in People with Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | auditory cue based on the golden ratio can improve gait patterns in people with parkinson’s disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866385/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33573043 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030911 |
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