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The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths. Advances within bioinformatics, such as machine learning, can improve biomarker discovery and ultimately improve CRC survival rates. There are clear sex differences in CRC characteristics, but the impact of sex has not been conside...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hases, Linnea, Ibrahim, Ahmed, Chen, Xinsong, Liu, Yanghong, Hartman, Johan, Williams, Cecilia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866425/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572952
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031354
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author Hases, Linnea
Ibrahim, Ahmed
Chen, Xinsong
Liu, Yanghong
Hartman, Johan
Williams, Cecilia
author_facet Hases, Linnea
Ibrahim, Ahmed
Chen, Xinsong
Liu, Yanghong
Hartman, Johan
Williams, Cecilia
author_sort Hases, Linnea
collection PubMed
description Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths. Advances within bioinformatics, such as machine learning, can improve biomarker discovery and ultimately improve CRC survival rates. There are clear sex differences in CRC characteristics, but the impact of sex has not been considered with regards to CRC biomarkers. Our aim here was to investigate sex differences in the transcriptome of a normal colon and CRC, and between paired normal and tumor tissue. Next, we attempted to identify CRC diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and investigate if they are sex-specific. We collected paired normal and tumor tissue, performed RNA-seq, and applied feature selection in combination with machine learning to identify the top CRC diagnostic biomarkers. We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to identify sex-specific CRC diagnostic biomarkers and performed an overall survival analysis to identify sex-specific prognostic biomarkers. We found transcriptomic sex differences in both the normal colon tissue and in CRC. Forty-four of the top-ranked biomarkers were sex-specific and 20 biomarkers showed a sex-specific prognostic value. Our data show the importance of sex in the discovery of CRC biomarkers. We propose 20 sex-specific CRC prognostic biomarkers, including ESM1, GUCA2A, and VWA2 for males and CLDN1 and FUT1 for females.
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spelling pubmed-78664252021-02-07 The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers Hases, Linnea Ibrahim, Ahmed Chen, Xinsong Liu, Yanghong Hartman, Johan Williams, Cecilia Int J Mol Sci Article Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths. Advances within bioinformatics, such as machine learning, can improve biomarker discovery and ultimately improve CRC survival rates. There are clear sex differences in CRC characteristics, but the impact of sex has not been considered with regards to CRC biomarkers. Our aim here was to investigate sex differences in the transcriptome of a normal colon and CRC, and between paired normal and tumor tissue. Next, we attempted to identify CRC diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and investigate if they are sex-specific. We collected paired normal and tumor tissue, performed RNA-seq, and applied feature selection in combination with machine learning to identify the top CRC diagnostic biomarkers. We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to identify sex-specific CRC diagnostic biomarkers and performed an overall survival analysis to identify sex-specific prognostic biomarkers. We found transcriptomic sex differences in both the normal colon tissue and in CRC. Forty-four of the top-ranked biomarkers were sex-specific and 20 biomarkers showed a sex-specific prognostic value. Our data show the importance of sex in the discovery of CRC biomarkers. We propose 20 sex-specific CRC prognostic biomarkers, including ESM1, GUCA2A, and VWA2 for males and CLDN1 and FUT1 for females. MDPI 2021-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7866425/ /pubmed/33572952 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031354 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hases, Linnea
Ibrahim, Ahmed
Chen, Xinsong
Liu, Yanghong
Hartman, Johan
Williams, Cecilia
The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
title The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
title_full The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
title_fullStr The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
title_full_unstemmed The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
title_short The Importance of Sex in the Discovery of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
title_sort importance of sex in the discovery of colorectal cancer prognostic biomarkers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866425/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572952
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031354
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