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Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide (β-alanine-L-histidine) which supports physiological homeostasis by buffering intracellular pH, chelating metals, and conjugating with and neutralizing toxic aldehydes such as acrolein. However, it is not clear if carnosine can support cardiovascular func...

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Autores principales: O’Toole, Timothy E., Li, Xiaohong, Riggs, Daniel W., Hoetker, David J., Baba, Shahid P., Bhatnagar, Aruni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866516/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33573153
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031383
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author O’Toole, Timothy E.
Li, Xiaohong
Riggs, Daniel W.
Hoetker, David J.
Baba, Shahid P.
Bhatnagar, Aruni
author_facet O’Toole, Timothy E.
Li, Xiaohong
Riggs, Daniel W.
Hoetker, David J.
Baba, Shahid P.
Bhatnagar, Aruni
author_sort O’Toole, Timothy E.
collection PubMed
description Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide (β-alanine-L-histidine) which supports physiological homeostasis by buffering intracellular pH, chelating metals, and conjugating with and neutralizing toxic aldehydes such as acrolein. However, it is not clear if carnosine can support cardiovascular function or modify cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. To examine this, we measured urinary levels of nonconjugated carnosine and its acrolein conjugates (carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol) in participants of the Louisville Healthy Heart Study and examined associations with indices of CVD risk. We found that nonconjugated carnosine was significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.011), heart failure (p = 0.015), those categorized with high CVD risk (p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI; p = 0.007), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; p = 0.026), high-density lipoprotein (HDL; p = 0.007) and certain medication uses. Levels of carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol demonstrated significant associations with BMI, blood glucose, HDL and diagnosis of diabetes. Carnosine-propanal was also associated with heart failure (p = 0.045) and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.002), but no associations with myocardial infarction or stroke were identified. We found that the positive associations of carnosine conjugates with diabetes and HDL remain statistically significant (p < 0.05) in an adjusted, linear regression model. These findings suggest that urinary levels of nonconjugated carnosine, carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol may be informative biomarkers for the assessment of CVD risk—and particularly reflective of skeletal muscle injury and carnosine depletion in diabetes.
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spelling pubmed-78665162021-02-07 Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk O’Toole, Timothy E. Li, Xiaohong Riggs, Daniel W. Hoetker, David J. Baba, Shahid P. Bhatnagar, Aruni Int J Mol Sci Article Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide (β-alanine-L-histidine) which supports physiological homeostasis by buffering intracellular pH, chelating metals, and conjugating with and neutralizing toxic aldehydes such as acrolein. However, it is not clear if carnosine can support cardiovascular function or modify cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. To examine this, we measured urinary levels of nonconjugated carnosine and its acrolein conjugates (carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol) in participants of the Louisville Healthy Heart Study and examined associations with indices of CVD risk. We found that nonconjugated carnosine was significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.011), heart failure (p = 0.015), those categorized with high CVD risk (p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI; p = 0.007), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; p = 0.026), high-density lipoprotein (HDL; p = 0.007) and certain medication uses. Levels of carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol demonstrated significant associations with BMI, blood glucose, HDL and diagnosis of diabetes. Carnosine-propanal was also associated with heart failure (p = 0.045) and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.002), but no associations with myocardial infarction or stroke were identified. We found that the positive associations of carnosine conjugates with diabetes and HDL remain statistically significant (p < 0.05) in an adjusted, linear regression model. These findings suggest that urinary levels of nonconjugated carnosine, carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol may be informative biomarkers for the assessment of CVD risk—and particularly reflective of skeletal muscle injury and carnosine depletion in diabetes. MDPI 2021-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7866516/ /pubmed/33573153 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031383 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
O’Toole, Timothy E.
Li, Xiaohong
Riggs, Daniel W.
Hoetker, David J.
Baba, Shahid P.
Bhatnagar, Aruni
Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
title Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
title_full Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
title_fullStr Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
title_full_unstemmed Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
title_short Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
title_sort urinary levels of the acrolein conjugates of carnosine are associated with cardiovascular disease risk
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866516/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33573153
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031383
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