Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles enriched with MSC-sourced neuroprotective and immunomodulatory microRNAs, neural growth factors, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which attenuate neuro-inflammation, promote neo-vascularization, induce neuro...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Harrell, Carl Randall, Volarevic, Ana, Djonov, Valentin, Volarevic, Vladislav
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33535376
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031433
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author Harrell, Carl Randall
Volarevic, Ana
Djonov, Valentin
Volarevic, Vladislav
author_facet Harrell, Carl Randall
Volarevic, Ana
Djonov, Valentin
Volarevic, Vladislav
author_sort Harrell, Carl Randall
collection PubMed
description Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles enriched with MSC-sourced neuroprotective and immunomodulatory microRNAs, neural growth factors, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which attenuate neuro-inflammation, promote neo-vascularization, induce neurogenesis, and reduce apoptotic loss of neural cells. Accordingly, a large number of experimental studies demonstrated MSC-Exo-dependent improvement of cognitive impairment in experimental animals. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular and cellular mechanisms that were responsible for MSC-Exo-based restoration of cognitive function, emphasizing therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos in the treatment of neurocognitive disorders.
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spelling pubmed-78670432021-02-07 Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders Harrell, Carl Randall Volarevic, Ana Djonov, Valentin Volarevic, Vladislav Int J Mol Sci Review Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles enriched with MSC-sourced neuroprotective and immunomodulatory microRNAs, neural growth factors, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which attenuate neuro-inflammation, promote neo-vascularization, induce neurogenesis, and reduce apoptotic loss of neural cells. Accordingly, a large number of experimental studies demonstrated MSC-Exo-dependent improvement of cognitive impairment in experimental animals. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular and cellular mechanisms that were responsible for MSC-Exo-based restoration of cognitive function, emphasizing therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos in the treatment of neurocognitive disorders. MDPI 2021-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7867043/ /pubmed/33535376 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031433 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Harrell, Carl Randall
Volarevic, Ana
Djonov, Valentin
Volarevic, Vladislav
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders
title Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders
title_full Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders
title_fullStr Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders
title_short Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders
title_sort mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as new remedy for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33535376
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031433
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