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Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions

The biodeterioration of cementitious materials in sewer networks has become a major economic, ecological, and public health issue. Establishing a suitable standardized test is essential if sustainable construction materials are to be developed and qualified for sewerage environments. Since purely ch...

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Autores principales: Aboulela, Amr, Peyre Lavigne, Matthieu, Buvignier, Amaury, Fourré, Marlène, Schiettekatte, Maud, Pons, Tony, Patapy, Cédric, Robin, Orlane, Bounouba, Mansour, Paul, Etienne, Bertron, Alexandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33540710
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030686
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author Aboulela, Amr
Peyre Lavigne, Matthieu
Buvignier, Amaury
Fourré, Marlène
Schiettekatte, Maud
Pons, Tony
Patapy, Cédric
Robin, Orlane
Bounouba, Mansour
Paul, Etienne
Bertron, Alexandra
author_facet Aboulela, Amr
Peyre Lavigne, Matthieu
Buvignier, Amaury
Fourré, Marlène
Schiettekatte, Maud
Pons, Tony
Patapy, Cédric
Robin, Orlane
Bounouba, Mansour
Paul, Etienne
Bertron, Alexandra
author_sort Aboulela, Amr
collection PubMed
description The biodeterioration of cementitious materials in sewer networks has become a major economic, ecological, and public health issue. Establishing a suitable standardized test is essential if sustainable construction materials are to be developed and qualified for sewerage environments. Since purely chemical tests are proven to not be representative of the actual deterioration phenomena in real sewer conditions, a biological test–named the Biogenic Acid Concrete (BAC) test–was developed at the University of Toulouse to reproduce the biological reactions involved in the process of concrete biodeterioration in sewers. The test consists in trickling a solution containing a safe reduced sulfur source onto the surface of cementitious substrates previously covered with a high diversity microbial consortium. In these conditions, a sulfur-oxidizing metabolism naturally develops in the biofilm and leads to the production of biogenic sulfuric acid on the surface of the material. The representativeness of the test in terms of deterioration mechanisms has been validated in previous studies. A wide range of cementitious materials have been exposed to the biodeterioration test during half a decade. On the basis of this large database and the expertise gained, the purpose of this paper is (i) to propose a simple and robust performance criterion for the test (standardized leached calcium as a function of sulfate produced by the biofilm), and (ii) to demonstrate the repeatability, reproducibility, and discriminability of the test method. In only a 3-month period, the test was able to highlight the differences in the performances of common cement-based materials (CEM I, CEM III, and CEM V) and special calcium aluminate cement (CAC) binders with different nature of aggregates (natural silica and synthetic calcium aluminate). The proposed performance indicator (relative standardized leached calcium) allowed the materials to be classified according to their resistance to biogenic acid attack in sewer conditions. The repeatability of the test was confirmed using three different specimens of the same material within the same experiment and the reproducibility of the results was demonstrated by standardizing the results using a reference material from 5 different test campaigns. Furthermore, developing post-testing processing and calculation methods constituted a first step toward a standardized test protocol.
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spelling pubmed-78672312021-02-07 Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions Aboulela, Amr Peyre Lavigne, Matthieu Buvignier, Amaury Fourré, Marlène Schiettekatte, Maud Pons, Tony Patapy, Cédric Robin, Orlane Bounouba, Mansour Paul, Etienne Bertron, Alexandra Materials (Basel) Article The biodeterioration of cementitious materials in sewer networks has become a major economic, ecological, and public health issue. Establishing a suitable standardized test is essential if sustainable construction materials are to be developed and qualified for sewerage environments. Since purely chemical tests are proven to not be representative of the actual deterioration phenomena in real sewer conditions, a biological test–named the Biogenic Acid Concrete (BAC) test–was developed at the University of Toulouse to reproduce the biological reactions involved in the process of concrete biodeterioration in sewers. The test consists in trickling a solution containing a safe reduced sulfur source onto the surface of cementitious substrates previously covered with a high diversity microbial consortium. In these conditions, a sulfur-oxidizing metabolism naturally develops in the biofilm and leads to the production of biogenic sulfuric acid on the surface of the material. The representativeness of the test in terms of deterioration mechanisms has been validated in previous studies. A wide range of cementitious materials have been exposed to the biodeterioration test during half a decade. On the basis of this large database and the expertise gained, the purpose of this paper is (i) to propose a simple and robust performance criterion for the test (standardized leached calcium as a function of sulfate produced by the biofilm), and (ii) to demonstrate the repeatability, reproducibility, and discriminability of the test method. In only a 3-month period, the test was able to highlight the differences in the performances of common cement-based materials (CEM I, CEM III, and CEM V) and special calcium aluminate cement (CAC) binders with different nature of aggregates (natural silica and synthetic calcium aluminate). The proposed performance indicator (relative standardized leached calcium) allowed the materials to be classified according to their resistance to biogenic acid attack in sewer conditions. The repeatability of the test was confirmed using three different specimens of the same material within the same experiment and the reproducibility of the results was demonstrated by standardizing the results using a reference material from 5 different test campaigns. Furthermore, developing post-testing processing and calculation methods constituted a first step toward a standardized test protocol. MDPI 2021-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7867231/ /pubmed/33540710 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030686 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Aboulela, Amr
Peyre Lavigne, Matthieu
Buvignier, Amaury
Fourré, Marlène
Schiettekatte, Maud
Pons, Tony
Patapy, Cédric
Robin, Orlane
Bounouba, Mansour
Paul, Etienne
Bertron, Alexandra
Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions
title Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions
title_full Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions
title_fullStr Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions
title_full_unstemmed Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions
title_short Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions
title_sort laboratory test to evaluate the resistance of cementitious materials to biodeterioration in sewer network conditions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33540710
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030686
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