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The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis
OBJECTIVES: We examined whether the effect of long working hours on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) differs depending on individual risk factors. METHODS: Seven‐year follow‐up data were extracted from the 2009 to 2016 waves of the Korea Health Panel Survey. Physician's diagn...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7870363/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33556993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12204 |
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author | Lee, Wanhyung Lee, Jongin Kim, Hyoung‐Ryoul Lee, Yu Min Lee, Dong‐Wook Kang, Mo‐Yeol |
author_facet | Lee, Wanhyung Lee, Jongin Kim, Hyoung‐Ryoul Lee, Yu Min Lee, Dong‐Wook Kang, Mo‐Yeol |
author_sort | Lee, Wanhyung |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: We examined whether the effect of long working hours on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) differs depending on individual risk factors. METHODS: Seven‐year follow‐up data were extracted from the 2009 to 2016 waves of the Korea Health Panel Survey. Physician's diagnosis or medication for hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity were included as chronic disease status. Smoking, drinking alcohol, and exercise levels were considered as lifestyle behavior. Hazard ratios were calculated using the Cox regression models to evaluate the risk of CVD related to chronic diseases and unhealthy behavior, based on working hour groups, after adjusting for other covariates. The interactive effects of long working hours with or without chronic diseases and unhealthy behavior on CVD were assessed using the relative excess risk due to interaction and attributable proportion measures. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant interaction between long working hours and chronic diseases within the population, especially among male participants (P‐value for interaction <.01 and .03, respectively). There were no significant interactions between unhealthy behavior and long working hours. CONCLUSIONS: Long working hours and chronic disease have a synergistic negative effect on the risk of CVD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7870363 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78703632021-02-17 The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis Lee, Wanhyung Lee, Jongin Kim, Hyoung‐Ryoul Lee, Yu Min Lee, Dong‐Wook Kang, Mo‐Yeol J Occup Health Original Articles OBJECTIVES: We examined whether the effect of long working hours on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) differs depending on individual risk factors. METHODS: Seven‐year follow‐up data were extracted from the 2009 to 2016 waves of the Korea Health Panel Survey. Physician's diagnosis or medication for hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity were included as chronic disease status. Smoking, drinking alcohol, and exercise levels were considered as lifestyle behavior. Hazard ratios were calculated using the Cox regression models to evaluate the risk of CVD related to chronic diseases and unhealthy behavior, based on working hour groups, after adjusting for other covariates. The interactive effects of long working hours with or without chronic diseases and unhealthy behavior on CVD were assessed using the relative excess risk due to interaction and attributable proportion measures. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant interaction between long working hours and chronic diseases within the population, especially among male participants (P‐value for interaction <.01 and .03, respectively). There were no significant interactions between unhealthy behavior and long working hours. CONCLUSIONS: Long working hours and chronic disease have a synergistic negative effect on the risk of CVD. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7870363/ /pubmed/33556993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12204 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Occupational Health published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Japan Society for Occupational Health This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Lee, Wanhyung Lee, Jongin Kim, Hyoung‐Ryoul Lee, Yu Min Lee, Dong‐Wook Kang, Mo‐Yeol The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis |
title | The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis |
title_full | The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis |
title_fullStr | The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis |
title_short | The combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: An interaction analysis |
title_sort | combined effect of long working hours and individual risk factors on cardiovascular disease: an interaction analysis |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7870363/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33556993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12204 |
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