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Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance

Over the last years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of unresponsive patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) reported worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to explore the role of demographic, clinical and environmental risk related-factors in the dev...

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Autores principales: Bamorovat, Mehdi, Sharifi, Iraj, Dabiri, Shahriar, Shamsi Meymandi, Simin, Karamoozian, Ali, Amiri, Rezvan, Heshmatkhah, Amireh, Borhani Zarandi, Mehdi, Aflatoonian, Mohammad Reza, Sharifi, Fatemeh, Kheirandish, Reza, Hassanzadeh, Saeid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7872302/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33507940
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009089
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author Bamorovat, Mehdi
Sharifi, Iraj
Dabiri, Shahriar
Shamsi Meymandi, Simin
Karamoozian, Ali
Amiri, Rezvan
Heshmatkhah, Amireh
Borhani Zarandi, Mehdi
Aflatoonian, Mohammad Reza
Sharifi, Fatemeh
Kheirandish, Reza
Hassanzadeh, Saeid
author_facet Bamorovat, Mehdi
Sharifi, Iraj
Dabiri, Shahriar
Shamsi Meymandi, Simin
Karamoozian, Ali
Amiri, Rezvan
Heshmatkhah, Amireh
Borhani Zarandi, Mehdi
Aflatoonian, Mohammad Reza
Sharifi, Fatemeh
Kheirandish, Reza
Hassanzadeh, Saeid
author_sort Bamorovat, Mehdi
collection PubMed
description Over the last years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of unresponsive patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) reported worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to explore the role of demographic, clinical and environmental risk related-factors in the development of treatment failure, relapse and chronic cases compared to responsive patients with ACL. Moreover, molecular, histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) findings between these forms were explored. This work was undertaken as a prospective and case-control study in southeastern Iran. Culture media and nested PCR were used to identify the causative agent. Univariate multinomial and multiple multinomial logistic regression models and the backward elimination stepwise method were applied to analyze the data. A P<0.05 was defined as significant. Also, for different groups, skin punch biopsies were used to study the histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) profile. All samples showed that L. tropica was the only etiological agent in all unresponsive and responsive patients with ACL. Data analysis represented that 8 major risk factors including nationality, age groups, occupation, marital status, history of chronic diseases, duration of the lesion, the lesion on face and presence of domestic animals in the house were significantly associated with the induction of unresponsive forms. The histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were different from one form to another. The present findings clearly demonstrated a positive relation between ACL and distinct demographic, clinical and environmental risk determinants. Knowledge of the main risk factors for ACL infection is crucial in improving clinical and public health strategies and monitor such perplexing factors.
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spelling pubmed-78723022021-02-19 Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance Bamorovat, Mehdi Sharifi, Iraj Dabiri, Shahriar Shamsi Meymandi, Simin Karamoozian, Ali Amiri, Rezvan Heshmatkhah, Amireh Borhani Zarandi, Mehdi Aflatoonian, Mohammad Reza Sharifi, Fatemeh Kheirandish, Reza Hassanzadeh, Saeid PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Over the last years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of unresponsive patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) reported worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to explore the role of demographic, clinical and environmental risk related-factors in the development of treatment failure, relapse and chronic cases compared to responsive patients with ACL. Moreover, molecular, histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) findings between these forms were explored. This work was undertaken as a prospective and case-control study in southeastern Iran. Culture media and nested PCR were used to identify the causative agent. Univariate multinomial and multiple multinomial logistic regression models and the backward elimination stepwise method were applied to analyze the data. A P<0.05 was defined as significant. Also, for different groups, skin punch biopsies were used to study the histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) profile. All samples showed that L. tropica was the only etiological agent in all unresponsive and responsive patients with ACL. Data analysis represented that 8 major risk factors including nationality, age groups, occupation, marital status, history of chronic diseases, duration of the lesion, the lesion on face and presence of domestic animals in the house were significantly associated with the induction of unresponsive forms. The histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were different from one form to another. The present findings clearly demonstrated a positive relation between ACL and distinct demographic, clinical and environmental risk determinants. Knowledge of the main risk factors for ACL infection is crucial in improving clinical and public health strategies and monitor such perplexing factors. Public Library of Science 2021-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7872302/ /pubmed/33507940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009089 Text en © 2021 Bamorovat et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Bamorovat, Mehdi
Sharifi, Iraj
Dabiri, Shahriar
Shamsi Meymandi, Simin
Karamoozian, Ali
Amiri, Rezvan
Heshmatkhah, Amireh
Borhani Zarandi, Mehdi
Aflatoonian, Mohammad Reza
Sharifi, Fatemeh
Kheirandish, Reza
Hassanzadeh, Saeid
Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
title Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
title_full Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
title_fullStr Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
title_full_unstemmed Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
title_short Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
title_sort major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: a prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7872302/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33507940
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009089
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