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A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition

Nitrate and ammonium are the main nitrogen sources in agricultural soils. In the last decade, ammonium (NH(4)(+)), a double-sided metabolite, has attracted considerable attention by researchers. Its ubiquitous presence in plant metabolism and its metabolic energy economy for being assimilated contra...

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Autores principales: González-Moro, María Begoña, González-Moro, Itziar, de la Peña, Marlon, Estavillo, José María, Aparicio-Tejo, Pedro M., Marino, Daniel, González-Murua, Carmen, Vega-Mas, Izargi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873483/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584765
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.632285
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author González-Moro, María Begoña
González-Moro, Itziar
de la Peña, Marlon
Estavillo, José María
Aparicio-Tejo, Pedro M.
Marino, Daniel
González-Murua, Carmen
Vega-Mas, Izargi
author_facet González-Moro, María Begoña
González-Moro, Itziar
de la Peña, Marlon
Estavillo, José María
Aparicio-Tejo, Pedro M.
Marino, Daniel
González-Murua, Carmen
Vega-Mas, Izargi
author_sort González-Moro, María Begoña
collection PubMed
description Nitrate and ammonium are the main nitrogen sources in agricultural soils. In the last decade, ammonium (NH(4)(+)), a double-sided metabolite, has attracted considerable attention by researchers. Its ubiquitous presence in plant metabolism and its metabolic energy economy for being assimilated contrast with its toxicity when present in high amounts in the external medium. Plant species can adopt different strategies to maintain NH(4)(+) homeostasis, as the maximization of its compartmentalization and assimilation in organic compounds, primarily as amino acids and proteins. In the present study, we report an integrative metabolic response to ammonium nutrition of seven plant species, belonging to four different families: Gramineae (ryegrass, wheat, Brachypodium distachyon), Leguminosae (clover), Solanaceae (tomato), and Brassicaceae (oilseed rape, Arabidopsis thaliana). We use principal component analysis (PCA) and correlations among metabolic and biochemical data from 40 experimental conditions to understand the whole-plant response. The nature of main amino acids is analyzed among species, under the hypothesis that those Asn-accumulating species will show a better response to ammonium nutrition. Given the provision of carbon (C) skeletons is crucial for promotion of the nitrogen assimilation, the role of different anaplerotic enzymes is discussed in relation to ammonium nutrition at a whole-plant level. Among these enzymes, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) shows to be a good candidate to increase nitrogen assimilation in plants. Overall, metabolic adaptation of different carbon anaplerotic activities is linked with the preference to synthesize Asn or Gln in their organs. Lastly, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) reveals as an important enzyme to surpass C limitation during ammonium assimilation in roots, with a disparate collaboration of glutamine synthetase (GS).
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spelling pubmed-78734832021-02-11 A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition González-Moro, María Begoña González-Moro, Itziar de la Peña, Marlon Estavillo, José María Aparicio-Tejo, Pedro M. Marino, Daniel González-Murua, Carmen Vega-Mas, Izargi Front Plant Sci Plant Science Nitrate and ammonium are the main nitrogen sources in agricultural soils. In the last decade, ammonium (NH(4)(+)), a double-sided metabolite, has attracted considerable attention by researchers. Its ubiquitous presence in plant metabolism and its metabolic energy economy for being assimilated contrast with its toxicity when present in high amounts in the external medium. Plant species can adopt different strategies to maintain NH(4)(+) homeostasis, as the maximization of its compartmentalization and assimilation in organic compounds, primarily as amino acids and proteins. In the present study, we report an integrative metabolic response to ammonium nutrition of seven plant species, belonging to four different families: Gramineae (ryegrass, wheat, Brachypodium distachyon), Leguminosae (clover), Solanaceae (tomato), and Brassicaceae (oilseed rape, Arabidopsis thaliana). We use principal component analysis (PCA) and correlations among metabolic and biochemical data from 40 experimental conditions to understand the whole-plant response. The nature of main amino acids is analyzed among species, under the hypothesis that those Asn-accumulating species will show a better response to ammonium nutrition. Given the provision of carbon (C) skeletons is crucial for promotion of the nitrogen assimilation, the role of different anaplerotic enzymes is discussed in relation to ammonium nutrition at a whole-plant level. Among these enzymes, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) shows to be a good candidate to increase nitrogen assimilation in plants. Overall, metabolic adaptation of different carbon anaplerotic activities is linked with the preference to synthesize Asn or Gln in their organs. Lastly, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) reveals as an important enzyme to surpass C limitation during ammonium assimilation in roots, with a disparate collaboration of glutamine synthetase (GS). Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7873483/ /pubmed/33584765 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.632285 Text en Copyright © 2021 González-Moro, González-Moro, de la Peña, Estavillo, Aparicio-Tejo, Marino, González-Murua and Vega-Mas. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
González-Moro, María Begoña
González-Moro, Itziar
de la Peña, Marlon
Estavillo, José María
Aparicio-Tejo, Pedro M.
Marino, Daniel
González-Murua, Carmen
Vega-Mas, Izargi
A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition
title A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition
title_full A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition
title_fullStr A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition
title_full_unstemmed A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition
title_short A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition
title_sort multi-species analysis defines anaplerotic enzymes and amides as metabolic markers for ammonium nutrition
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873483/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584765
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.632285
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