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Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity

The three-signal paradigm tries to capture how the innate immune system instructs adaptive immune responses in three well-defined actions: (1) presentation of antigenic peptides in the context of MHC molecules, which allows for a specific T cell response; (2) T cell co-stimulation, which breaks T ce...

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Autores principales: Van Den Eeckhout, Bram, Tavernier, Jan, Gerlo, Sarah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.621931
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author Van Den Eeckhout, Bram
Tavernier, Jan
Gerlo, Sarah
author_facet Van Den Eeckhout, Bram
Tavernier, Jan
Gerlo, Sarah
author_sort Van Den Eeckhout, Bram
collection PubMed
description The three-signal paradigm tries to capture how the innate immune system instructs adaptive immune responses in three well-defined actions: (1) presentation of antigenic peptides in the context of MHC molecules, which allows for a specific T cell response; (2) T cell co-stimulation, which breaks T cell tolerance; and (3) secretion of polarizing cytokines in the priming environment, thereby specializing T cell immunity. The three-signal model provides an empirical framework for innate instruction of adaptive immunity, but mainly discusses STAT-dependent cytokines in T cell activation and differentiation, while the multi-faceted roles of type I IFNs and IL-1 cytokine superfamily members are often neglected. IL-1α and IL-1β are pro-inflammatory cytokines, produced following damage to the host (release of DAMPs) or upon innate recognition of PAMPs. IL-1 activity on both DCs and T cells can further shape the adaptive immune response with variable outcomes. IL-1 signaling in DCs promotes their ability to induce T cell activation, but also direct action of IL-1 on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, either alone or in synergy with prototypical polarizing cytokines, influences T cell differentiation under different conditions. The activities of IL-1 form a direct bridge between innate and adaptive immunity and could therefore be clinically translatable in the context of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies to empower the formation of T cell immunity. Understanding the modalities of IL-1 activity during T cell activation thus could hold major implications for rational development of the next generation of vaccine adjuvants.
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spelling pubmed-78735662021-02-11 Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity Van Den Eeckhout, Bram Tavernier, Jan Gerlo, Sarah Front Immunol Immunology The three-signal paradigm tries to capture how the innate immune system instructs adaptive immune responses in three well-defined actions: (1) presentation of antigenic peptides in the context of MHC molecules, which allows for a specific T cell response; (2) T cell co-stimulation, which breaks T cell tolerance; and (3) secretion of polarizing cytokines in the priming environment, thereby specializing T cell immunity. The three-signal model provides an empirical framework for innate instruction of adaptive immunity, but mainly discusses STAT-dependent cytokines in T cell activation and differentiation, while the multi-faceted roles of type I IFNs and IL-1 cytokine superfamily members are often neglected. IL-1α and IL-1β are pro-inflammatory cytokines, produced following damage to the host (release of DAMPs) or upon innate recognition of PAMPs. IL-1 activity on both DCs and T cells can further shape the adaptive immune response with variable outcomes. IL-1 signaling in DCs promotes their ability to induce T cell activation, but also direct action of IL-1 on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, either alone or in synergy with prototypical polarizing cytokines, influences T cell differentiation under different conditions. The activities of IL-1 form a direct bridge between innate and adaptive immunity and could therefore be clinically translatable in the context of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies to empower the formation of T cell immunity. Understanding the modalities of IL-1 activity during T cell activation thus could hold major implications for rational development of the next generation of vaccine adjuvants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7873566/ /pubmed/33584721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.621931 Text en Copyright © 2021 Van Den Eeckhout, Tavernier and Gerlo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Van Den Eeckhout, Bram
Tavernier, Jan
Gerlo, Sarah
Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity
title Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity
title_full Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity
title_fullStr Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity
title_full_unstemmed Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity
title_short Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity
title_sort interleukin-1 as innate mediator of t cell immunity
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.621931
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