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A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants

To date, a wide variety of neural tissue implants have been developed for neurophysiology recording from living tissues. An ideal neural implant should minimize the damage to the tissue and perform reliably and accurately for long periods of time. Therefore, the materials utilized to fabricate the n...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yang, Weiyang, Gong, Yan, Li, Wen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33585422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.622923
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author Yang, Weiyang
Gong, Yan
Li, Wen
author_facet Yang, Weiyang
Gong, Yan
Li, Wen
author_sort Yang, Weiyang
collection PubMed
description To date, a wide variety of neural tissue implants have been developed for neurophysiology recording from living tissues. An ideal neural implant should minimize the damage to the tissue and perform reliably and accurately for long periods of time. Therefore, the materials utilized to fabricate the neural recording implants become a critical factor. The materials of these devices could be classified into two broad categories: electrode materials as well as packaging and substrate materials. In this review, inorganic (metals and semiconductors), organic (conducting polymers), and carbon-based (graphene and carbon nanostructures) electrode materials are reviewed individually in terms of various neural recording devices that are reported in recent years. Properties of these materials, including electrical properties, mechanical properties, stability, biodegradability/bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and optical properties, and their critical importance to neural recording quality and device capabilities, are discussed. For the packaging and substrate materials, different material properties are desired for the chronic implantation of devices in the complex environment of the body, such as biocompatibility and moisture and gas hermeticity. This review summarizes common solid and soft packaging materials used in a variety of neural interface electrode designs, as well as their packaging performances. Besides, several biopolymers typically applied over the electrode package to reinforce the mechanical rigidity of devices during insertion, or to reduce the immune response and inflammation at the device-tissue interfaces are highlighted. Finally, a benchmark analysis of the discussed materials and an outlook of the future research trends are concluded.
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spelling pubmed-78739642021-02-11 A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants Yang, Weiyang Gong, Yan Li, Wen Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology To date, a wide variety of neural tissue implants have been developed for neurophysiology recording from living tissues. An ideal neural implant should minimize the damage to the tissue and perform reliably and accurately for long periods of time. Therefore, the materials utilized to fabricate the neural recording implants become a critical factor. The materials of these devices could be classified into two broad categories: electrode materials as well as packaging and substrate materials. In this review, inorganic (metals and semiconductors), organic (conducting polymers), and carbon-based (graphene and carbon nanostructures) electrode materials are reviewed individually in terms of various neural recording devices that are reported in recent years. Properties of these materials, including electrical properties, mechanical properties, stability, biodegradability/bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and optical properties, and their critical importance to neural recording quality and device capabilities, are discussed. For the packaging and substrate materials, different material properties are desired for the chronic implantation of devices in the complex environment of the body, such as biocompatibility and moisture and gas hermeticity. This review summarizes common solid and soft packaging materials used in a variety of neural interface electrode designs, as well as their packaging performances. Besides, several biopolymers typically applied over the electrode package to reinforce the mechanical rigidity of devices during insertion, or to reduce the immune response and inflammation at the device-tissue interfaces are highlighted. Finally, a benchmark analysis of the discussed materials and an outlook of the future research trends are concluded. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7873964/ /pubmed/33585422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.622923 Text en Copyright © 2021 Yang, Gong and Li. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Yang, Weiyang
Gong, Yan
Li, Wen
A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
title A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
title_full A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
title_fullStr A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
title_full_unstemmed A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
title_short A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
title_sort review: electrode and packaging materials for neurophysiology recording implants
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33585422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.622923
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