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Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations

Understanding the neuromechanical responses to perturbations in humans may help to explain the reported improvements in stability performance and muscle strength after perturbation-based training. In this study, we investigated the effects of perturbations, induced by unstable surfaces, on the mecha...

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Autores principales: Munoz-Martel, Victor, Santuz, Alessandro, Bohm, Sebastian, Arampatzis, Adamantios
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7874030/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584219
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.560630
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author Munoz-Martel, Victor
Santuz, Alessandro
Bohm, Sebastian
Arampatzis, Adamantios
author_facet Munoz-Martel, Victor
Santuz, Alessandro
Bohm, Sebastian
Arampatzis, Adamantios
author_sort Munoz-Martel, Victor
collection PubMed
description Understanding the neuromechanical responses to perturbations in humans may help to explain the reported improvements in stability performance and muscle strength after perturbation-based training. In this study, we investigated the effects of perturbations, induced by unstable surfaces, on the mechanical loading and the modular organization of motor control in the lower limb muscles during lunging forward and backward. Fifteen healthy adults performed 50 forward and 50 backward lunges on stable and unstable ground. Ground reaction forces, joint kinematics, and the electromyogram (EMG) of 13 lower limb muscles were recorded. We calculated the resultant joint moments and extracted muscle synergies from the stepping limb. We found sparse alterations in the resultant joint moments and EMG activity, indicating a little if any effect of perturbations on muscle mechanical loading. The time-dependent structure of the muscle synergy responsible for the stabilization of the body was modified in the perturbed lunges by a shift in the center of activity (later in the forward and earlier in the backward lunge) and a widening (in the backward lunge). Moreover, in the perturbed backward lunge, the synergy related to the body weight acceptance was not present. The found modulation of the modular organization of motor control in the unstable condition and related minor alteration in joint kinetics indicates increased control robustness that allowed the participants to maintain functionality in postural challenging settings. Triggering specific modulations in motor control to regulate robustness in the presence of perturbations may be associated with the reported benefits of perturbation-based training.
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spelling pubmed-78740302021-02-11 Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations Munoz-Martel, Victor Santuz, Alessandro Bohm, Sebastian Arampatzis, Adamantios Front Hum Neurosci Human Neuroscience Understanding the neuromechanical responses to perturbations in humans may help to explain the reported improvements in stability performance and muscle strength after perturbation-based training. In this study, we investigated the effects of perturbations, induced by unstable surfaces, on the mechanical loading and the modular organization of motor control in the lower limb muscles during lunging forward and backward. Fifteen healthy adults performed 50 forward and 50 backward lunges on stable and unstable ground. Ground reaction forces, joint kinematics, and the electromyogram (EMG) of 13 lower limb muscles were recorded. We calculated the resultant joint moments and extracted muscle synergies from the stepping limb. We found sparse alterations in the resultant joint moments and EMG activity, indicating a little if any effect of perturbations on muscle mechanical loading. The time-dependent structure of the muscle synergy responsible for the stabilization of the body was modified in the perturbed lunges by a shift in the center of activity (later in the forward and earlier in the backward lunge) and a widening (in the backward lunge). Moreover, in the perturbed backward lunge, the synergy related to the body weight acceptance was not present. The found modulation of the modular organization of motor control in the unstable condition and related minor alteration in joint kinetics indicates increased control robustness that allowed the participants to maintain functionality in postural challenging settings. Triggering specific modulations in motor control to regulate robustness in the presence of perturbations may be associated with the reported benefits of perturbation-based training. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7874030/ /pubmed/33584219 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.560630 Text en Copyright © 2021 Munoz-Martel, Santuz, Bohm and Arampatzis. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Human Neuroscience
Munoz-Martel, Victor
Santuz, Alessandro
Bohm, Sebastian
Arampatzis, Adamantios
Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations
title Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations
title_full Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations
title_fullStr Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations
title_full_unstemmed Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations
title_short Neuromechanics of Dynamic Balance Tasks in the Presence of Perturbations
title_sort neuromechanics of dynamic balance tasks in the presence of perturbations
topic Human Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7874030/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584219
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.560630
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