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Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives

Research from psychology, neurobiology and behavioral economics indicates that a binary view of motivation, based on approach and avoidance, may be too reductive. Instead, a literature review suggests that at least seven distinct motives are likely to affect human decisions: “consumption/resource se...

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Autores principales: Chierchia, Gabriele, Przyrembel, Marisa, Lesemann, Franca Parianen, Bosworth, Steven, Snower, Dennis, Singer, Tania
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7874174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568064
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author Chierchia, Gabriele
Przyrembel, Marisa
Lesemann, Franca Parianen
Bosworth, Steven
Snower, Dennis
Singer, Tania
author_facet Chierchia, Gabriele
Przyrembel, Marisa
Lesemann, Franca Parianen
Bosworth, Steven
Snower, Dennis
Singer, Tania
author_sort Chierchia, Gabriele
collection PubMed
description Research from psychology, neurobiology and behavioral economics indicates that a binary view of motivation, based on approach and avoidance, may be too reductive. Instead, a literature review suggests that at least seven distinct motives are likely to affect human decisions: “consumption/resource seeking,” “care,” “affiliation,” “achievement,” “status-power,” “threat approach” (or anger), and “threat avoidance” (or fear). To explore the conceptual distinctness and relatedness of these motives, we conducted a semantic categorization task. Here, participants were to assign provided words to one of the motives. By applying principal component analysis to the categorization assignments we represent the semantic inter-relations of these motives on a two-dimensional space, a “semantic atlas.” This atlas suggests that, while care and affiliation are conceptually close, affiliation is closer to threat avoidance (or fear); opposite to these motives we find achievement, consumption and power, with the latter lying closer to threat approach (or anger). In a second study, we asked participants to rate how well the motive-specific words obtained in the first study described their currently experienced feelings. We find that semantically close motives are also more likely to be experienced together, that is, we replicate most of the semantic relations in the “subjective atlas.” We discuss our findings in comparison to other multi-dimensional models of motivation, which show clear similarities. In addition to these motivational atlases, we provide a database of motive-specific words, together with the valence and arousal scores. These can be used for future research on the influence of motives on decision making.
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spelling pubmed-78741742021-02-11 Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives Chierchia, Gabriele Przyrembel, Marisa Lesemann, Franca Parianen Bosworth, Steven Snower, Dennis Singer, Tania Front Psychol Psychology Research from psychology, neurobiology and behavioral economics indicates that a binary view of motivation, based on approach and avoidance, may be too reductive. Instead, a literature review suggests that at least seven distinct motives are likely to affect human decisions: “consumption/resource seeking,” “care,” “affiliation,” “achievement,” “status-power,” “threat approach” (or anger), and “threat avoidance” (or fear). To explore the conceptual distinctness and relatedness of these motives, we conducted a semantic categorization task. Here, participants were to assign provided words to one of the motives. By applying principal component analysis to the categorization assignments we represent the semantic inter-relations of these motives on a two-dimensional space, a “semantic atlas.” This atlas suggests that, while care and affiliation are conceptually close, affiliation is closer to threat avoidance (or fear); opposite to these motives we find achievement, consumption and power, with the latter lying closer to threat approach (or anger). In a second study, we asked participants to rate how well the motive-specific words obtained in the first study described their currently experienced feelings. We find that semantically close motives are also more likely to be experienced together, that is, we replicate most of the semantic relations in the “subjective atlas.” We discuss our findings in comparison to other multi-dimensional models of motivation, which show clear similarities. In addition to these motivational atlases, we provide a database of motive-specific words, together with the valence and arousal scores. These can be used for future research on the influence of motives on decision making. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7874174/ /pubmed/33584405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568064 Text en Copyright © 2021 Chierchia, Przyrembel, Lesemann, Bosworth, Snower and Singer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Chierchia, Gabriele
Przyrembel, Marisa
Lesemann, Franca Parianen
Bosworth, Steven
Snower, Dennis
Singer, Tania
Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives
title Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives
title_full Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives
title_fullStr Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives
title_full_unstemmed Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives
title_short Navigating Motivation: A Semantic and Subjective Atlas of 7 Motives
title_sort navigating motivation: a semantic and subjective atlas of 7 motives
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7874174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568064
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