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Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes

Halophytes can survive and complete their life cycle in the presence of ≥200 mM NaCl. These remarkable plants have developed various strategies to tolerate salinity and thrive in high-salt environments. At the appropriate levels, salt has a beneficial effect on the vegetative growth of halophytes bu...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yuan, Fang, Xu, Yanyu, Leng, Bingying, Wang, Baoshan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: De Gruyter 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7874760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33817151
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2019-0021
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author Yuan, Fang
Xu, Yanyu
Leng, Bingying
Wang, Baoshan
author_facet Yuan, Fang
Xu, Yanyu
Leng, Bingying
Wang, Baoshan
author_sort Yuan, Fang
collection PubMed
description Halophytes can survive and complete their life cycle in the presence of ≥200 mM NaCl. These remarkable plants have developed various strategies to tolerate salinity and thrive in high-salt environments. At the appropriate levels, salt has a beneficial effect on the vegetative growth of halophytes but inhibits the growth of non-halophytes. In recent years, many studies have focused on elucidating the salt-tolerance mechanisms of halophytes at the molecular, physiological, and individual level. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms, from the macroscopic to the molecular, underlying the successful growth of halophytes in saline environments to explain why salt has beneficial effects on halophytes but harmful effects on non-halophytes. These mechanisms include the specialized organs of halophytes (for example, ion compartmentalization in succulent leaves), their unique structures (salt glands and hydrophobic barriers in roots), and their salt-tolerance genes. We hope to shed light on the use of halophytes for engineering salt-tolerant crops, soil conservation, and the protection of freshwater resources in the near future.
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spelling pubmed-78747602021-04-01 Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes Yuan, Fang Xu, Yanyu Leng, Bingying Wang, Baoshan Open Life Sci Review Articles Halophytes can survive and complete their life cycle in the presence of ≥200 mM NaCl. These remarkable plants have developed various strategies to tolerate salinity and thrive in high-salt environments. At the appropriate levels, salt has a beneficial effect on the vegetative growth of halophytes but inhibits the growth of non-halophytes. In recent years, many studies have focused on elucidating the salt-tolerance mechanisms of halophytes at the molecular, physiological, and individual level. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms, from the macroscopic to the molecular, underlying the successful growth of halophytes in saline environments to explain why salt has beneficial effects on halophytes but harmful effects on non-halophytes. These mechanisms include the specialized organs of halophytes (for example, ion compartmentalization in succulent leaves), their unique structures (salt glands and hydrophobic barriers in roots), and their salt-tolerance genes. We hope to shed light on the use of halophytes for engineering salt-tolerant crops, soil conservation, and the protection of freshwater resources in the near future. De Gruyter 2019-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7874760/ /pubmed/33817151 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2019-0021 Text en © 2019 Fang Yuan et al., published by De Gruyter http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Yuan, Fang
Xu, Yanyu
Leng, Bingying
Wang, Baoshan
Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
title Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
title_full Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
title_fullStr Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
title_full_unstemmed Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
title_short Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
title_sort beneficial effects of salt on halophyte growth: morphology, cells, and genes
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7874760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33817151
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2019-0021
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