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Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review
Sepsis continues to produce widespread inflammation, illness, and death, prompting intensive research aimed at uncovering causes and therapies. In this article, we focus on ghrelin, an endogenous peptide with promise as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Ghrelin was discovered, tracked, and isolated...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876230/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584688 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.610363 |
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author | Mathur, Nimisha Mehdi, Syed F. Anipindi, Manasa Aziz, Monowar Khan, Sawleha A. Kondakindi, Hema Lowell, Barbara Wang, Ping Roth, Jesse |
author_facet | Mathur, Nimisha Mehdi, Syed F. Anipindi, Manasa Aziz, Monowar Khan, Sawleha A. Kondakindi, Hema Lowell, Barbara Wang, Ping Roth, Jesse |
author_sort | Mathur, Nimisha |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sepsis continues to produce widespread inflammation, illness, and death, prompting intensive research aimed at uncovering causes and therapies. In this article, we focus on ghrelin, an endogenous peptide with promise as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Ghrelin was discovered, tracked, and isolated from stomach cells based on its ability to stimulate release of growth hormone. It also stimulates appetite and is shown to be anti-inflammatory in a wide range of tissues. The anti-inflammatory effects mediated by ghrelin are a result of both the stimulation of anti-inflammatory processes and an inhibition of pro-inflammatory forces. Anti-inflammatory processes are promoted in a broad range of tissues including the hypothalamus and vagus nerve as well as in a broad range of immune cells. Aged rodents have reduced levels of growth hormone (GH) and diminished immune responses; ghrelin administration boosts GH levels and immune response. The anti-inflammatory functions of ghrelin, well displayed in preclinical animal models of sepsis, are just being charted in patients, with expectations that ghrelin and growth hormone might improve outcomes in patients with sepsis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7876230 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78762302021-02-12 Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review Mathur, Nimisha Mehdi, Syed F. Anipindi, Manasa Aziz, Monowar Khan, Sawleha A. Kondakindi, Hema Lowell, Barbara Wang, Ping Roth, Jesse Front Immunol Immunology Sepsis continues to produce widespread inflammation, illness, and death, prompting intensive research aimed at uncovering causes and therapies. In this article, we focus on ghrelin, an endogenous peptide with promise as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Ghrelin was discovered, tracked, and isolated from stomach cells based on its ability to stimulate release of growth hormone. It also stimulates appetite and is shown to be anti-inflammatory in a wide range of tissues. The anti-inflammatory effects mediated by ghrelin are a result of both the stimulation of anti-inflammatory processes and an inhibition of pro-inflammatory forces. Anti-inflammatory processes are promoted in a broad range of tissues including the hypothalamus and vagus nerve as well as in a broad range of immune cells. Aged rodents have reduced levels of growth hormone (GH) and diminished immune responses; ghrelin administration boosts GH levels and immune response. The anti-inflammatory functions of ghrelin, well displayed in preclinical animal models of sepsis, are just being charted in patients, with expectations that ghrelin and growth hormone might improve outcomes in patients with sepsis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7876230/ /pubmed/33584688 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.610363 Text en Copyright © 2021 Mathur, Mehdi, Anipindi, Aziz, Khan, Kondakindi, Lowell, Wang and Roth http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Mathur, Nimisha Mehdi, Syed F. Anipindi, Manasa Aziz, Monowar Khan, Sawleha A. Kondakindi, Hema Lowell, Barbara Wang, Ping Roth, Jesse Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review |
title | Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review |
title_full | Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review |
title_fullStr | Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review |
title_short | Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review |
title_sort | ghrelin as an anti-sepsis peptide: review |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876230/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584688 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.610363 |
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